Biology:CD1A

Short description: Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

CD1a (Cluster of Differentiation 1a) is a human protein encoded by the CD1A gene.

This gene encodes a member of the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin. The CD1 proteins mediate the presentation of primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin to T cells. The human genome contains five CD1 family genes organized in a cluster on chromosome 1. The CD1 family members are thought to differ in their cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the plasma membrane and to recycling vesicles of the early endocytotic system. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed, but their biological validity has not been determined. Transcript levels of the CD1A gene are upregulated in the lung parenchyma of smokers.

External links

• Human CD1A genome location and CD1A gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P06126 (Human T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a) at the PDBe-KB.

Further reading

• "Antigen presentation by CD1 and MHC-encoded class I-like molecules.". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 8 (1): 82–8. 1996. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(96)80109-9. PMID 8729450. 
• "CD1-restricted T-cell responses and microbial infection.". Nature 406 (6797): 788–92. 2000. doi:10.1038/35021233. PMID 10963609. 
• "CD1: antigen presentation and T cell function.". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22 (1): 817–90. 2004. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104608. PMID 15032598. 
• "CD1a in human cancers: a new role for an old molecule.". Trends Immunol. 25 (5): 242–8. 2004. doi:10.1016/j.it.2004.03.002. PMID 15099564. 
• "Anatomy of CD1-lipid antigen complexes.". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5 (5): 387–99. 2005. doi:10.1038/nri1605. PMID 15864273. 
• "Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects.". Curr. HIV Res. 4 (1): 57–64. 2006. doi:10.2174/157016206775197583. PMID 16454711. 
• "The immunoregulatory effects of HIV-1 Nef on dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of AIDS.". FASEB J. 20 (13): 2198–208. 2006. doi:10.1096/fj.06-6260rev. PMID 17077296. 
• "Construction of a physical map on mouse and human chromosome 1: comparison of 13 Mb of mouse and 11 Mb of human DNA.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (8): 613–20. 1993. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.8.613. PMID 1301170. 
• "Structure and expression of the human thymocyte antigens CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (24): 9189–93. 1988. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.24.9189. PMID 2447586. 
• "CD1 defines conserved linkage group border between human chromosomes 1 and mouse chromosomes 1 and 3.". Immunogenetics 30 (5): 378–82. 1989. doi:10.1007/BF02425278. PMID 2478463. 
• "A physical map linking the five CD1 human thymocyte differentiation antigen genes.". EMBO J. 8 (12): 3727–32. 1990. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08548.x. PMID 2583117. 
• "Expression of cDNA clones encoding the thymocyte antigens CD1a, b, c demonstrates a hierarchy of exclusion in fibroblasts.". J. Immunol. 143 (5): 1723–30. 1989. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.143.5.1723. PMID 2701945. 
• "Molecular cloning of CD1a (T6), a human epidermal dendritic cell marker related to class I MHC molecules.". J. Invest. Dermatol. 92 (4): 628–31. 1989. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12712175. PMID 2784820. 
• "Sensitive and high resolution in situ hybridization to human chromosomes using biotin labelled probes: assignment of the human thymocyte CD1 antigen genes to chromosome 1.". EMBO J. 7 (9): 2801–5. 1988. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03135.x. PMID 3053166. 
• "A novel family of human major histocompatibility complex-related genes not mapping to chromosome 6.". Nature 323 (6088): 540–3. 1986. doi:10.1038/323540a0. PMID 3093894. Bibcode: 1986Natur.323..540C. 
• "Isolation of CD1 genes: a family of major histocompatibility complex-related differentiation antigens.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (23): 9154–8. 1987. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.23.9154. PMID 3097645. 
• "Alternative splicing generates secretory isoforms of human CD1.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (14): 6683–7. 1994. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.14.6683. PMID 7517559. Bibcode: 1994PNAS...91.6683W. 
• "Polymorphism of human CD1 genes.". Tissue Antigens 54 (2): 122–7. 2000. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.540202.x. PMID 10488738. https://zenodo.org/record/1231458. 
• "Separate pathways for antigen presentation by CD1 molecules.". Immunity 11 (6): 743–52. 2000. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80148-X. PMID 10626896. 

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.