Engineering:Honda CR-V

From HandWiki
Short description: Compact crossover SUV manufactured by Honda
Honda CR-V
2023 Honda CR-V EX AWD in Lunar Silver Metallic, front left.jpg
2023 Honda CR-V EX (US)
Overview
ManufacturerHonda
Also calledHonda Breeze (China, 2019–present)
Production1995–present
Body and chassis
ClassCompact crossover SUV
Body style5-door SUV
LayoutFront-engine, front-wheel-drive
Front-engine, four-wheel-drive
ChassisUnibody

The Honda CR-V (also sold as the Honda Breeze in China since 2019) is a compact crossover SUV manufactured by Japanese automaker Honda since 1995. Initial models of the CR-V were built using the same platform as the Civic.[1][2]

Honda began producing the CR-V in Sayama, Japan, and Swindon, United Kingdom, for worldwide markets, adding North American manufacturing sites in East Liberty, Ohio, United States, in 2007; El Salto, Jalisco, Mexico, in late 2007 (ended in early 2017); Alliston, Ontario, Canada, in 2012; and Greensburg, Indiana, United States, in February 2017. The CR-V is also produced in Wuhan for the Chinese market by Dongfeng Honda, and also marketed as the Breeze in China for the version produced at Guangzhou by Guangqi Honda.

Honda states "CR-V" stands for "Comfortable Runabout Vehicle,"[3][4][5] while the term "Compact Recreational Vehicle" is used in a British car review article that was republished by Honda, associating the model name with the Sports Utility Vehicle abbreviation of SU-V.[6]

(As of 2022), the CR-V is positioned between the smaller ZR-V (marketed as HR-V in North America) and the larger North American market Passport/Pilot or the Chinese market Avancier/UR-V. It is currently Honda's best-selling vehicle in the world, and the second best-selling SUV globally in 2020.[7]

First generation (1995)

First generation
Honda CR-V 103 (cropped).JPG
Pre-facelift (1995–1999)
Overview
Production1995–2001
Model years1997–2001
Assembly
  • Japan: Sayama
  • United Kingdom: Swindon (HUKM)
  • Taiwan: Hsinchu
  • Thailand: Ayutthaya
  • Philippines: Santa Rosa, Laguna
  • Indonesia: North Jakarta (HPM, 1999–2002)
  • Malaysia: Johor Bahru (Kah Motor Co. Sdn Bhd, 2000-2002)
DesignerHiroyuki Kawase (1993)
Body and chassis
RelatedHonda Civic (sixth generation)
Honda Integra
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 2.0 L B20B/B20Z I4
Transmission5-speed SBXM AWD manual
5-speed SKH FWD manual
MDMA 4-speed automatic
MDLA 4-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,620 mm (103.1 in)
2,625 mm (103.3 in) (post-facelift)
Length4,510 mm (177.6 in)
Width1,780 mm (70.1 in)
Height1,678–1,770 mm (66.1–69.7 in)
Chronology
PredecessorHonda Civic 4th-Gen Shuttle (Wagon)
Pre-facelift (Japan)

The first generation CR-V or RD1 was Honda's first in-house designed sport utility vehicle by Hiroyuki Kawase. When the CR-V was introduced in Japan in October 1995 it was sold only at Honda Verno and Honda Primo dealerships[8] and exceeded Japanese government's compact car regulations regarding exterior dimensions (maximum width of 1,700 mm (66.9 in), therefore incurred a more expensive annual road tax obligation. For the North American market, it was displayed at the 1996 Chicago Auto Show and went on sale in February 1997.

Upon introduction, the model had only one trim level, which would later be known as the LX model trim; it was powered by the 2.0-liter straight-four B20B producing 126 hp (94 kW) at 5400 rpm and 133 lb⋅ft (180 N⋅m) of torque at 4800 rpm. Outer dimensions for this engine would be identical to the Integra's 1.8 L engine, but internally the engine had a larger 84 mm (3.3 in) bore vs 81 mm (3.2 in) for the Integra, to add the extra displacement needed to produce more torque. The engine used a one-piece cylinder sleeve construction unique from any other B-series engine. The chassis and suspension was largely similar to the 4th-Gen Honda Civic Shuttle (Wagon) with a unibody design with fully independent suspension. The vehicle's suspension was double-wishbone, while the rear used a trailing arm-based multilink system. Inside, the rear seats were able to fold down, and a picnic table was stowed in the rear floor area. All models featured plastic cladding covering the front bumper, rear bumper, and fender wells. In most countries, CR-Vs had a chrome grille; however, in the United States, the grille was made out of the same black plastic as the bumpers. The EX included anti-lock brakes and 15-inch alloy wheels over the LX trim. Drivetrain options were front-wheel drive or Honda's Real Time AWD.

Indonesian market CR-V was released in 1999 as a locally assembled model. Honda customized the model for sale to include a face-to-face third-row seating, making it a seven-seater vehicle to take advantage of the tax regulations in the country. The rear foglamp was also reconfigured as a fourth and fifth brake light.[9]

Facelift

Facelift (1999–2001)
Honda CR-V Fullmark (facelift)

In 1999, for the 2000 model year, the European, Australian and Asian CR-V models featured more drastic changes. Exterior alterations included a new front bumper, smoothed off rear bumper, and a smaller plastic radio antenna on the rear of the roof. "Nighthawk Black" was added to the list of paint choices, while "Passion Orange" disappeared. New dark blue pearl and red pearl shades replaced the former solid red and metallic blue hues. European models received an enlarged Honda emblem on the front grille, and a new metallic yellow paint in certain markets.

The engine was changed to the 2.0 L B20Z engine, producing 147 hp (110 kW) at 6,200 rpm and 133 lb⋅ft (180 N⋅m) of torque at 4,500 rpm. This improved performance for the 3,200 lb (1,500 kg) vehicle. Fuel economy of 23 mpg‑US (10 L/100 km; 28 mpg‑imp) city/28 mpg‑US (8.4 L/100 km; 34 mpg‑imp) highway (US) and price were not affected by the increase in power, which was the result of a higher compression ratio (9.6:1 compared to the B20B's 8.8:1), a new intake manifold, and slightly higher lift on the intake valves. This 16 percent increase in power resulted to a faster 0-60 mph of 8.6 seconds on the 5-speed manual 4wd.[10]

In 2000, an SE (Special Edition) model was introduced in North America. The SE featured body-colored bumpers and side moldings, a body-colored hard spare tire cover, leather upholstery, CD/cassette audio deck, rear privacy glass, and chrome grille accent. Until 2001, the CR-V sold more than any other vehicle in its class. The North American models also received new exterior colors including Naples Gold Metallic and Taffeta White. Electron Blue was introduced in 2000 to replace Submarine Blue Pearl, while Satin Silver Metallic replaced Sebring Silver Metallic in 2001. However, that year, sales of the Ford Escape and its clone, the Mazda Tribute, surpassed those of the CR-V.

The Australian higher specification model was called the "Sport". It was added at the time of the first facelift and included body-colored bumpers, mirrors, door handles, and hard rear spare wheel cover. It also included alloy wheels, roof rails, and a large glass sunroof. The CR-V became the country's best-selling SUV in 2000, outselling the Toyota Land Cruiser for the first time.

Safety

The 1997–2001 model tested by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) was the LX model with standard driver and passenger airbags. The car's structure received an acceptable rating, and the overall car received a marginal rating — as the dummy's left leg would have been broken. In addition to this lower body injury, the dummy's head went through the airbag which may have caused a minor concussion. The chest was well protected.

Models equipped with an automatic transmission now had an overdrive cancel button that allowed the driver to lock the transmission in the first three gears to provide power for passing and climbing grades, known as "Grade Logic." The pattern of the cloth on the seats was also redesigned, and the head restraints earned an acceptable rating from the IIHS for whiplash protection.

Second generation (2001)

Second generation
2002 Honda CR-V (RD7 MY02) Sport wagon (2015-07-09) 01.jpg
Pre-facelift (2001–2004)
Overview
Production2001–2006
Model years2002–2006
Assembly
  • Japan: Sayama, Saitama
  • United Kingdom: Swindon (HUKM)
  • China: Wuhan (Dongfeng Honda)
  • Taiwan: Pingtung
  • Thailand: Ayutthaya
  • Malaysia: Alor Gajah, Melaka
  • Philippines: Santa Rosa, Laguna
  • Indonesia: Karawang (HPM)
  • India: Greater Noida (HCIL)
DesignerMitsuhiro Honda (1999)[11]
Body and chassis
RelatedHonda Civic (seventh generation)
Honda FR-V
Honda Element
Honda Integra DC5
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 2.0 L K20A1/A4 I4
  • 2.4 L K24A1 I4
  • Diesel:
  • 2.2 L N22A2 turbo I4
Transmission5-speed manual
4-speed automatic
5-speed automatic
6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,620–2,625 mm (103.1–103.3 in)
Length4,535–4,600 mm (178.5–181.1 in)
Width1,785 mm (70.3 in)
Height1,680–1,780 mm (66.1–70.1 in)
Honda CR-V (pre-facelift)
Honda CR-V Fullmark (pre-facelift)

The second generation CR-V, which went on sale on November 12, 2001[12] was a full redesign, based on the seventh generation Civic, and powered by the K24A1 engine, or the K20A4 engine in South East Asia. Southeast Asian models produced 150 hp (112 kW) of power and 190 N⋅m (140 lbf⋅ft) while the North American versions of the new engine produced 160 hp (119 kW) and 219 N⋅m (162 lbf⋅ft) of torque. Per new SAE regulations, the same North American K24A1 engine is now rated at 156 hp (116 kW) and 160 lb⋅ft (217 N⋅m). The new CR-V retained the fuel economy of the previous model because of the i-VTEC system. The new chassis had increased torsional and bending rigidity, the suspension included front toe control link MacPherson struts and a rear reactive-link double wishbone; the compact rear suspension increased cargo space to 72 cu ft (2,000 L). The second generation CR-V was Car and Driver magazine's Best Small SUV for 2002 and 2003.

Second generation CR-Vs in countries outside of North America were again offered in both "low specification" and "high specification" variants, with the latter featuring body-colored bumpers and fittings. It also now did not require the glass hatch to be opened before the swinging door. Changes between model years 2002, 2003, and 2004 were minor, involving an enlargement of the center compartment bin and the addition of a front passenger door power lock in the latter two years respectively. The Honda FR-V was based upon the second generation CR-V.[13]

In China, a clone from Shuanghuan Auto, called the Laibao S-RV, became a center of a design rights controversy, because the latter appeared to be a blatant copy of Honda's design.[14][15]

Facelift

Facelift (2004–2006)

In 2004, for the 2005 model year, the CR-V received a mid-cycle refresh. New 16-inch wheels replaced the previous 15-inch versions. Changes included new taillights and headlights with clear indicators and two separate H1 bulbs for low beams and high beams, the previous setup used H4 single bulb for both low and high beams. The taillights now used clear lenses instead of amber for the turning indicators. The grille was also changed; it had two horizontal bars instead of one. The front bumper design was slightly changed, it now has round fog lights compared to the previous trapezium fog lights and in addition to the lower grill there are two horizontal bars instead of one. The rear bumper reflectors were longer and narrower.

On the inside of the car, the EX trim received standard upgrades which included steering wheel-mounted audio controls, an outside temperature monitor and also an electric sunroof. The stereo system was also XM Satellite Radio ready in US-market vehicles. All CR-V models also received redesigned rear seat headrests, intended to improve rear visibility.

Mechanically, the 2005 model was also changed. A drive-by-wire throttle was implemented for all CR-Vs. The all-wheel drive system's engagement threshold was altered for improved response. US market models were equipped with a five-speed automatic, as opposed to the previous four-speed automatic.

In the United States and Canada, all 2005 MY and later CR-Vs have anti-lock brakes, electronic brake force distribution, traction control and Vehicle Stability Assist, front seat-mounted side airbags, and side-curtain airbags with rollover sensors for all occupants.

In Australia, the MY05 facelift went on sale in late 2004. Base models made do with only dual airbags and ABS as standard equipment, while the Sport came equipped with side airbags for the first time. Curtain airbags were unavailable on any model, until the next generation.

Following the tradition of adding a trim level above the EX during the refresh like the first generation CR-V, Honda added the SE trim level for the 2005 CR-V. The CR-V SE featured painted bumpers, body side molding, and hard, body-colored spare tire cover. Honda introduced leather seats for the first time to the CR-V with this trim, as well as a leather-wrapped steering wheel, heated side mirrors, and front seats.

Australia

This iteration of CR-V arrived in Australia in January 2002, and initially came in separate guises, consisting that of the "Base" & "Sport". The "CR-V" (or "Base"), consisted of, but not limited of, dual front airbags, air conditioning, power windows and mirrors, as well as a CD player. Building upon "CR-V" specification, The Sport added ABS, Cruise Control, a sunroof, 15 inch alloy wheels, front foglights, as well as body coloured bumpers and mirrors.[16] Consistently selling very well within the Medium SUV segment within the previous generation, amassing over 40,000 units between 1997 and 2001, the second generation continued its success, with it becoming the best selling SUV in 2002, selling over 12,000 units.[16]

Several "Special Edition" models were released, beginning in 2003. The "Winter Classic" & "Sport Winter Classic" were sold in Winter/Spring 2003. Building upon the "Base", Winter Classic added alloy wheels, side steps, as well as a tow bar, while the Sport Winter Classic gained roof racks, nudge bar and foglights, however, did without the towbar. Later within this iteration, in 2005, an SE model was launched, featuring rear parking sensors, nudge bar and 16' alloy wheels. It was sold between October and November 2005. Running throughout 2006, the CR-V "Extra" brought with it 16 inch alloy wheels and side airbags.[17]

Philippines

In the Philippines, the second-generation CR-V was released in 2002. The vehicle was reconfigured to seat 10 people, with 3 in front, 4 in the second row, and 3 in the third row to take advantage of the tax regulations in the country at the time which allows a 10-seater vehicle to be classified as a "mass transport van", therefore exempt from excise tax.[18][19] The 10-seater configuration also allowed the vehicle to compete with Asian utility vehicles (AUV), while 5-seater and 8-seater variants are also available. It was produced locally at the factory in Santa Rosa, Laguna with 63 percent of local content. In its 4-year production run, Honda sold 20,886 units of the second-generation CR-V in the Philippines.[20]

Engines

Engine Chassis code Horsepower Torque
2.0 L K20A4 I4 RD4 (FWD, Asia)
RD5 (AWD)
RD8 (FWD, Europe)
150 hp (110 kW) at 6,500 rpm 140 lb⋅ft (190 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm
2.4 L K24A1 I4 RD6 (FWD)
RD7 (AWD)
160 hp (120 kW) at 6,500 rpm 160 lb⋅ft (220 N⋅m) at 3,600 rpm
2.2 L N22A2 I4 RD9 (AWD) 138 hp (103 kW) at 4,000 rpm 250 lb⋅ft (340 N⋅m) at 2,000 rpm

Third generation (2006)

Third-generation CR-V (pre-facelift)

The third generation CR-V went on sale in the U.S. in late September 2006 for the 2007 model year. Portions of the body structure, drivetrain, and suspension were carried over from the previous model, while both interior and exterior styling elements were changed significantly. The CR-V now featured a rear liftgate and bottom-side spare tire mount rather than a side-opening rear door and door-mounted spare.

The third generation CR-V is powered by Honda's standard K-series 2.4 L inline-four engine. In North American markets, this engine's power is rated at 166 hp (124 kW) at 5,800 rpm and 161 lb⋅ft (218 N⋅m) at 4,200 rpm.[21] A 2.2 L i-CTDI diesel engine was offered in the European and Asian markets. The European market CR-V had the R20A 2.0 L gasoline engine, based on the Honda R-series i-VTEC SOHC engine found in the Honda Civic, as opposed to the previous CR-V offering the K20A.

Facelift

Third-generation CR-V (facelift)

In 2009 for the 2010 model year in North America, the CR-V received design, powertrain and equipment changes. Changes included a redesigned front fascia with a new horizontal-slat chrome grille and honeycomb-designed lower front grille, new front bumper, and revised tail lights. The rear bumper was redesigned, as well as new alloy wheels. The interior received minor changes, including seat fabrics, as well as wider driver and front-passenger armrests. The audio head unit controls were altered and the information display backlighting in the gauges was changed to blue, instead of the previous black.

Fourth generation (2011)

Fourth-generation CR-V (pre-facelift)

The CR-V Concept debuted at the Orange County International Auto Show in September 2011,[22] the production 2012 CR-V debuted at the 2011 Los Angeles Auto Show.[23] The CR-V went on sale in the U.S. on 15 December 2011.[24]

It is powered by a 2.4-liter i-VTEC inline-four engine that puts out 185 hp and 163 pound-feet (220 Nm) of torque at 4,400 rpm along with an all-new Real-Time all-wheel-drive (AWD) with intelligent control system. All North American CR-Vs come equipped with a 5-speed automatic transmission.[25]

Facelift

Fourth-generation CR-V (facelift)

The facelifted 2015 model year CR-V went on sale during October 2014.[26] The CR-V uses the direct injected Earth Dreams engine and continuously variable transmission (CVT) combination first introduced on the ninth generation Accord, EPA estimated fuel economy is improved +4/+3/+3 mpg (city/highway/combined). The structure has been modified to improve crash performance, particularly in the IIHS's small offset crash test. The suspension shock absorbers, springs, anti-roll bars and lower control arms are also revised to improve ride performance, while a reduced 15.6:1 steering gear ratio and larger brake booster gives it a sportier feel.

Fifth generation (2016)

Main page: Engineering:Honda CR-V (fifth generation)
Fifth-generation CR-V (pre-facelift)

The fifth generation CR-V was unveiled on 13 October 2016 in Detroit. Sales began in the U.S. on 21 December 2016 as a 2017 model year. It uses the same Honda compact global platform introduced on the tenth generation Civic. Honda began producing the CR-V at East Liberty, Ohio (ELP) in November 2016[27] and at Greensburg, Indiana (HMIN) during February 2017.[28][29] It is available with an optional 7-seater variant in markets other than North America.

In October 2019, Guangqi Honda in China began marketed the model with a different styling as the Honda Breeze (Chinese: 皓影; pinyin: Hàoyǐng) which was sold alongside the international facelift version CR-V produced by Dongfeng Honda.[30]

Facelift

Fifth-generation CR-V (facelift)

Honda unveiled a refreshed CR-V in September 2019 for the 2020 model year, initially for the North American market. For the first time in North America, the refreshed model introduced a hybrid powertrain as an option. Additionally, the CR-V's suite of advanced safety features are standard on every trim level, meaning even the most affordable CR-V provides adaptive cruise control and the latest crash prevention technology.[31]

Sixth generation (2022)

Sixth generation (RS)
2023 Honda CR-V EX-L AWD, front right, 11-13-2022.jpg
2023 Honda CR-V EX-L AWD (US)
Overview
Also calledHonda Breeze (China, GAC Honda)
ProductionSeptember 2022 – present
Model years2023–present
Assembly
  • United States: East Liberty, Ohio (ELAP); Greensburg, Indiana (HMIN);
  • Canada: Alliston, Ontario (HCM)
  • China: Wuhan (Dongfeng Honda); Guangzhou (GAC Honda, Breeze)
  • Taiwan: Pingtung
  • Thailand: Ayutthaya (Honda Automobile Thailand)
  • Malaysia: Alor Gajah, Melaka
  • Vietnam: Vĩnh Phúc (Honda Ô tô Vĩnh Phúc; Petrol Versions only)[32]
DesignerMitsuhiro Abe[33]
Body and chassis
PlatformHonda Architecture (HA)[citation needed]
Related
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
  • CVT
  • e-CVT (hybrid)
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,701 mm (106.3 in)
Length4,694–4,703 mm (184.8–185.2 in)
Width1,866 mm (73.5 in)
Height1,682 mm (66.2 in)

The sixth-generation CR-V was introduced on 12 July 2022.[34] The prototype design and production process was done in Ontario, Canada before being shared worldwide.[35]

The second-row seats received 15 mm (0.6 in) more legroom and can also recline up to 10.5 degrees.[35] The seats also add rear side torso airbags and outboard seatbelt pretensioners.

Unlike previous generations, the model won't be offered in Japan due to low sales of the fifth-generation model, and it was indirectly replaced by the smaller ZR-V.[36]

Markets

North America

The sixth-generation CR-V went on sale in September 2022 for the 2023 model year in the U.S. The U.S. model initially offered in EX, EX-L, Sport, and Sport Touring trim levels, which the hybrid powertrain is standard on latter two trims. The LX trim was later introduced in the 2023 model year as the base model of CR-V in the U.S.[37] The Canadian model is offered in LX, Sport, EX-L, and Touring trims, with the Touring having the hybrid powertrain.[38]

Mexico

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in Mexico on 3 December 2022, with three variants: Turbo, Turbo Plus, and Touring. It is powered only by a 1.5-liter turbocharged petrol engine and Honda Sensing is standard only for the range topper Touring.[39] In April 2023, the CR-V Hybrid Touring variant was released in Mexico.[40]

China

The sixth-generation CR-V is produced and sold in China by Dongfeng Honda. The plant that produces the sixth-generation CR-V for Dongfeng Honda is also responsible for the CR-V hybrid and PHEV models sold in more than 20 European countries including United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, Greece, and Portugal.[41] A variant with a different front and rear fascias is produced and sold by GAC Honda as the second-generation Honda Breeze, which was launched on 13 December 2022.[42]

Thailand

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in Thailand on 20 March 2023, two days prior to the 44th Bangkok International Motor Show. It is available in E, ES 4WD, EL 4WD, e:HEV ES and e:HEV RS 4WD.[43]

Taiwan

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in Taiwan on 19 July 2023, with three variants: VTi-S, S, and Prestige. It is powered only by a 1.5-liter turbocharged petrol engine and Honda Sensing standard on all variants.[44]

Europe

For the European market, the sixth-generation CR-V was unveiled in Germany on 12 May 2023. Following Honda’s commitment to only offer electrified models in Europe, it is only available with the e:HEV hybrid and e:PHEV plug-in hybrid powertrains.[45] It went on sale later in the UK on 10 August 2023. Available in Elegance and Advance grades, the latter is offered with the 2.0L e:PHEV plug-in hybrid powertrain as an option.[46]

Indonesia

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched at the 30th Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show on 10 August 2023. It is available in two grades: 1.5 Turbo and 2.0 RS e:HEV.[47] Unlike previous models, this generation is imported from Thailand instead of being assembled locally.[48]

Brunei

In Brunei, the sixth-generation CR-V was launched on 24 August 2023. It is available in a single variant which is powered with a 1.5L Turbo mated to a CVT and Honda Sensing becomes standard.[49]

Australia

The sixth-generation CR-V went on sale in Australia on 1 September 2023, imported from Thailand, in four grades: X, L, LX, and RS. It is powered by either a 1.5-liter turbocharged petrol engine, or the 2.0 e:HEV hybrid powertrain exclusive for the range-topper RS. The 7-seater version available for the X and LX grades, and an AWD option for the L and LX grades.[50][51]

Philippines

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in the Philippines on 13 September 2023. It is available in three grades: 1.5 Turbo V, 1.5 Turbo VX and 2.0 RS e:HEV. Honda Sensing is standard for all grades.[52]

New Zealand

The sixth-generation CR-V went on sale in New Zealand in October 2023, in three variants: Sport AWD, Sport 7 (7-seater), and RS. It is powered by either a 1.5-liter turbocharged petrol engine, or the 2.0 e:HEV hybrid powertrain exclusive for the range-topper RS.[53]

Vietnam

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in Vietnam on 25 October 2023, in four variants: 1.5 G, 1.5 L, 1.5 L AWD and 2.0 RS e:HEV.[54] Similar to Southeast Asian markets, the Vietnamese-spec CR-V is offered in two seating configurations: 7-seater for petrol models and 5-seater for e:HEV model. The petrol versions are assembled locally in Honda Cars Vietnam factory in Vĩnh Phúc, while the e:HEV version is imported from Thailand. Honda Sensing is standard for all grades.[55]

Middle East

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in the Middle Eastern markets on 15 November 2023, it is powered by the 1.5-turbo engine mated to a CVT. It is offered in four grades; DX, EX, LX, and Touring. Honda Sensing is standard for all grades.[56]

Malaysia

The sixth-generation CR-V was launched in Malaysia on 14 December 2023, in three variants: S, E and V AWD, with 1.5-litre turbocharged petrol engine. The 2.0 RS e:HEV variant was announced later on. Honda Sensing is standard for all grades.[57]

Safety

In July 2023, the vehicle was tested for automotive safety by ASEAN NCAP,[58] scored five stars out of a possible five. It is also currently holding the 2023 IIHS Top Safety Pick+.

2023 Honda CR-V
ASEAN NCAP scores[59]
Overall stars / Score 87.16
Adult occupant 31.45/32.00
Child occupant 45.81/51.00
Safety assist 19.50/21.00
Motorcyclist safety 9.05/16.00
IIHS scores: 2023 Honda CR-V[60]
Small overlap front (driver) Good
Small overlap front (passenger) Good
Moderate overlap front Good
Side impact Good
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-pedestrian (Day) Superior
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-pedestrian (Night) Advanced
Headlights Good (all trims)
Seat belt reminders Good
Child seat anchors (LATCH) ease of use Average

Sales

US Sales of Honda CR-V
Calendar year Sales[61]
1997
66,752
1998
100,582
1999
120,754
2000
118,260
2001
118,313
2002
146,266
2003
143,909
2004
149,281
2005
150,219
2006
170,028
2007
219,160
2008
197,279
2009
191,214
2010
203,714
2011
218,373
2012
281,652
2013
303,904
2014
335,019
2015
345,647
2016
357,335
2017
377,895
2018
379,013
2019
384,168
2020
333,502
2021
361,271

Other markets

Year Canada[62] Europe[63] China Thailand Indonesia[64] Philippines Vietnam Australia Mexico[65] Malaysia[66][lower-roman 1]
CR-V[67] Breeze[68]
1997 16,022
1998 37,975 8,161[69]
1999 34,793 9,735[69]
2000 29,129 12,866[70] 3,620
2001 23,373 8,665[70] 3,916
2002 30,854 12,449[71] 5,161
2003 31,443 9,736[71] 3,968
2004 15,388 33,029 9,301 8,773[72] 2,247
2005 15,976 49,739 26,243 7,694 8,844[72] 11,220 2,217
2006 17,821 43,258 23,672 1,864 10,069[73] 14,084 1,232
2007 20,980 76,613 45,688 15,750 12,642[73] 16,995 5,357
2008 20,500 55,107 80,607 17,800 9,812[74] 16,929 4,320
2009 18,554 42,437 102,745 10,110 5,103[74] 11,211 3,496
2010 24,930 38,781 140,000 16,961 7,244[75] 11,750 5,553
2011 25,076 36,088 160,003 11,760 5,748[75] 10,346 4,116
2012 33,339 37,182 169,037 14,753 4,733[76] 24,723 2,553
2013 34,481 47,596 199,333 20,385 12,510[76] 24,021 8,677
2014 37,684 49,182 168,184 8,393[77] 8,551 25,216 6,987
2015 38,961 46,967 156,608 7,802[78] 10,750 21,798 8,243
2016 44,789 43,456 180,319 3,487[79] 7,853 19,161 5,692
2017 50,433 34,616 181,177 11,232[80] 15,905 27,761 8,817
2018 54,879 28,576 143,689 11,672[81] 14,565 24,332 13,856
2019 55,859 32,929 213,306 9,007 10,933[82] 10,395 2,457[83] 9,564[84] 19,069 12,091
2020 50,135 20,239 249,983 156,306 5,374[85] 4,979 931[86] 11,365[87] 11,877 6,016
2021 50,935 17,312 213,791 166,284 5,327[88] 8,972 1,058[89] 5,854[90] 6,875 11,537 7,487
2022 17,509 14,652 231,857 133,441 7,647 10,124
2023
  1. Figures based on registration

References

  1. "Honda CR-V Model Details". http://www.nadaguides.com/Cars/Honda/CR-V. "Debuting in Japan for the 1996 model year, the five-passenger compact utility vehicle Honda CR-V was introduced to North America in early 1997" 
  2. Stein, Jason (17 July 2005). "GM planning to beef up its lineup of small sport wagons by '08". http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/gm-planning-beef-its-lineup-small-sport-wagons-08. "since the 1996 U.S. debut of the RAV4. The Honda CR-V hit the market a year later." 
  3. "Honda Announces a Full Model Change for the CR-V" (Press release). Honda Worldwide. 18 September 2001. Retrieved 5 August 2017. The initials CR-V stand for "Civic Recreational vehicle". But lately it's been known as a QUV in areas like California and along the west coast in USA.
  4. "Fact Book: Press Information CR-V Concept" (Press release) (in 日本語). Honda Japan. 18 September 2001. Retrieved 15 March 2018. 心地よく自由に走り回れる乗り物"=Comfortable Runabout Vehicle
  5. "Cr-v 1995.10". Fact Book: Press Information (Press release) (in 日本語). Honda Japan. 9 October 1995. Retrieved 10 January 2018. Comfortable Runabout Vehicle «CR-V»
  6. Simister, John (15 September 2012). "It's a better CR-V in every way...". The Independent. London. https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/road-tests/honda-cr-v-22-i-dtec-8130988.html. "This is Honda's fourth car to wear the CR-V initials that stand for Compact Recreational Vehicle."  Republished as "It's a better CR-V in every way...". Honda UK. 16 September 2012. http://apps.honda.co.uk/cars/cr-v/press-reviews/its-a-better-cr-v-in-every-way/. 
  7. "The world's best-selling cars" (in en). https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/best-cars-vans/33872/worlds-best-selling-cars. 
  8. "乗用車感覚の新型2.0L四輪駆動車「CR-V」を発売". https://www.honda.co.jp/news/1995/4951009.html. 
  9. "Direktur Honda Indonesia Ternyata Pelaku Sejarah Pengembangan CR-V 7-Seater - Berita Otomotif | Mobil123" (in Indonesian). https://www.mobil123.com/berita/direktur-honda-indonesia-ternyata-pelaku-sejarah-pengembangan-cr-v-7-seater/58393. 
  10. "1999 Honda CR-V EX SUV Road Tests - Motor Trend". 18 December 2003. https://www.motortrend.com/news/1999-honda-cr-v-ex/. 
  11. Honda, Mitsuhiro; Hideyuki Ikeda & Youji Hayashi et al., "Motorcar", US patent D458871, published 2002-06-18, assigned to Honda Motor Co. Ltd.
  12. "Honda Announces Pricing for All-New 2002 CR-V". 12 November 2001. https://hondanews.com/en-US/honda-automobiles/releases/honda-announces-pricing-for-all-new-2002-cr-v. 
  13. "FR-V Summary" (in en). https://hondanews.eu/eu/en/cars/media/pressreleases/214/fr-v-summary. 
  14. Attack of the Clones: Chinese copies of the Honda CR-V
  15. "Lawsuits". Ortaffa, France: China Motor Vehicle Documentation Centre. http://www.chinesecars.net/index.php?page=59. 
  16. 16.0 16.1 Newton, Bruce (2001-12-10). "First Oz drive: Honda CR-V evolves". GoAuto. https://www.goauto.com.au/new-models/honda/cr-v/range/first-oz-drive-honda-cr-v-evolves/2001-12-10/5689.html. 
  17. "Previous Models: CR-V: 2002 - Current". Honda Australia. 2007-02-02. http://www.honda.com.au/wps/wcm/connect/Honda.com.au/Home/Owners/Previous+Models/CR-V/2002+-+Current/. 
  18. Go, Marianne V.. "Competitors question registration of CRV as AUV". https://www.philstar.com/business/2002/05/18/161274/competitors-question-registration-crv-auv. 
  19. Santos, Joe (2020-07-13). "This 10-Seat Honda CR-V Might Be What the U.S. Really Needs" (in en-US). https://www.motorbiscuit.com/this-10-seat-honda-cr-v-might-be-what-the-u-s-really-needs/. 
  20. Pornelos, Vince (2021-05-11). "Innovative Infamy: The story behind that 10-seat Honda CR-V". https://www.autoindustriya.com/editors-note/innovative-infamy-the-story-behind-that-10-seat-honda-cr-v.html. 
  21. "2007 Honda CR-V Specs". JB car pages. http://www.jbcarpages.com/honda/crv/2007/specs/. 
  22. Lienert, Anita (2011-09-22). "2012 Honda CR-V Concept Debuts 22 Sep 2011". Insideline.com. http://www.insideline.com/honda/cr-v/2012/2012-honda-cr-v-concept-debuts.html. 
  23. "All-new Honda CR-V debuts at LA Auto Show". https://www.topgear.com.ph/news/all-new-honda-cr-v-debuts-at-la-auto-show. 
  24. Lienert, Paul (2011-11-17). "2012 Honda CR-V Is Redesigned: 2011 Los Angeles Auto Show". Insideline.com. http://www.insideline.com/honda/cr-v/2012/2012-honda-cr-v-is-redesigned-2011-los-angeles-auto-show.html. 
  25. "Award-Winning 2014 Honda CR-V Goes On Sale Today, is an Efficient and Compact SUV Loaded with Value, Versatility and Features" (Press release). American Honda Motor Company. 6 August 2013. Retrieved 2014-05-31.
  26. "Honda Reveals New 2015 CR-V" (Press release). 22 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
  27. "Honda Begins Production of All-New 2017 CR-V in Ohio; First-ever Global Production Launch for East Liberty Plant" (Press release). American Honda Motor Company. 2016-11-22. Retrieved 2019-06-20.
  28. "Honda to Add Production of Best-selling CR-V in Indiana" (Press release). American Honda Motor Company. 2016-01-11. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  29. "Honda Begins First Production of SUVs in Indiana with 2017 CR-V" (Press release). American Honda Motor Company. 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2019-06-20.
  30. Ansari, Usman (2019-10-18). "All New Honda Breeze Launched in China". https://www.carspiritpk.com/2019/10/all-new-honda-breeze-launched-in-china/. 
  31. "Honda CR-V Price, Reviews and Pictures | Edmunds". April 8, 2020. https://www.edmunds.com/honda/cr-v/. 
  32. Lâm, Bảo (2023-10-23). "Honda CR-V 2024 ồ ạt về nhà máy tại Việt Nam trước ngày ra mắt với nhiều màu sắc, có điểm khác bản Thái Lan" (in vi). https://autopro.com.vn/honda-cr-v-2024-o-at-ve-nha-may-tai-viet-nam-truoc-ngay-ra-mat-voi-nhieu-mau-sac-co-diem-khac-ban-thai-lan-177231023120827873.chn. 
  33. "A00202200178". Indonesia: Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual Kementerian Hukum & HAM R.I.. 2022-06-07. https://pdki-indonesia.dgip.go.id/detail/A00202200178?type=di&keyword=mobil. 
  34. "America's Favorite SUV Gets Even Better: All-New Honda CR-V Gets a Sophisticated and Rugged Design and More Advanced, Sporty Hybrid System" (Press release). US: American Honda Motor Company. 12 July 2022.
  35. 35.0 35.1 Filion, Nadine (2022-10-13). "First Drive: 2023 Honda CR-V". Canada: Postmedia Network. https://driving.ca/reviews/first-drive/first-drive-2023-honda-cr-v. 
  36. Bruce, Chris (2022-07-13). "Honda CR-V And Insight Get The Axe In Japan". US: Motorsport Network. https://www.motor1.com/news/598036/honda-cr-v-and-insight-discontinued-in-japan/. 
  37. Capparella, Joey (2023-02-24). "Honda Reintroduces LX Trim, Slashing Civic and CR-V's Base Prices" (in en-us). https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a43060987/honda-civic-cr-v-lx-trim-price/. 
  38. "First Drive: 2023 Honda CR-V". https://driving.ca/reviews/first-drive/first-drive-2023-honda-cr-v. 
  39. "The sixth generation of Honda CR-V 2023 arrives in Mexico, more modern, sporty and spacious" (in en). 2022-12-03. https://nationworldnews.com/the-sixth-generation-of-honda-cr-v-2023-arrives-in-mexico-more-modern-sporty-and-spacious/. 
  40. Juárez, Mau (2023-04-13). "El Honda CR-V Hybrid ya tiene precio en México: mejor consumo sin sacrificar espacio o tecnología" (in es-mx). https://www.motorpasion.com.mx/industria/honda-cr-v-hybrid-2023-precios-versiones-equipamiento-mexico. 
  41. Yao, Yu (2022-12-13). "出发欧洲 东风本田整车首次出口海外" (in zh). Autohome. https://www.autohome.com.cn/news/202305/1284797.html#pvareaid=102624. 
  42. Radityasani, Muhammad Fathan (2022-12-13). "Honda Breeze, Sosok Alternatif CR-V yang Lebih Elegan" (in id). Jakarta, Indonesia: Kompas Cyber Media. https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2022/12/13/080200315/honda-breeze-sosok-alternatif-cr-v-yang-lebih-elegan. 
  43. Deriquito, Joey (March 20, 2023). "Just around the corner: 2023 Honda CR-V launches in Thailand with new hybrid system, 5 variants" (in en). https://www.autofun.ph/news/just-around-the-corner-2023-honda-crv-launches-in-thailand-with-new-hybrid-system-5-variants-64864. 
  44. Yingkai, Gao (2023-08-03). "Honda第6代CR-V售價確認,VTi-S 105.9萬元、S 117.9 萬元與Prestige 127.9萬元" (in zh). https://news.u-car.com.tw/news/article/75745. 
  45. Pappas, Thanos (2023-05-12). "2023 Honda CR-V Makes European Debut Including e:PHEV Option With 51-Mile Range" (in en). https://www.carscoops.com/2023/05/2023-honda-cr-v-makes-european-debut-including-ephev-option-with-51-mile-range/. 
  46. "New 2023 Honda CR-V: UK pricing and specifications revealed" (in en). https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/honda/cr-v/95445/new-2023-honda-cr-v-uk-pricing-and-specifications-revealed. 
  47. Widiutomo, Aditya (2023-08-10). "Honda CR-V Resmi Meluncur Di Indonesia (23 FOTO)" (in id). https://otodriver.com/berita/2023/honda-cr-v-resmi-meluncur-di-indonesia-23-foto-hondbjjhoto. 
  48. Priyantoro, Donny Dwisatryo (2023-08-12). "Dalih Honda Belum Memproduksi Lokal All New CR-V Hybrid" (in id). https://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2023/08/12/072200215/dalih-honda-belum-memproduksi-lokal-all-new-cr-v-hybrid. 
  49. "Safety at the forefront with all-new Honda CR-V" (in en). 2023-08-25. https://borneobulletin.com.bn/safety-at-the-forefront-with-all-new-honda-cr-v. 
  50. Stopford, William (2023-08-01). "2024 Honda CR-V priced for Australia, now with hybrid". https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/2024-honda-cr-v-priced-for-australia-now-with-hybrid. 
  51. Hickey, Jordan (2023-09-01). "2024 Honda CR-V pricing and features: Full details". https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/2024-honda-cr-v-pricing-features-australia-full-details. 
  52. De Guzman, Marcus (2023-09-13). "Fully Loaded: Honda PH put everything in all-new 2024 CR-V". https://autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/fully-loaded-honda-ph-put-everything-in-all-new-2024-cr-v.html. 
  53. Wade, Harrison (2023-10-13). "Honda CR-V pricing and specification announced for NZ". https://www.autocar.co.nz/honda-cr-v-pricing-and-specification-announced-for-nz/. 
  54. Nguyên, Khôi (2023-10-25). "Honda CR-V 2024 ra mắt tại Việt Nam: Giá từ hơn 1,1 tỷ, có AWD, hybrid, thêm nhiều công nghệ mới cạnh tranh CX-5" (in vi). https://autopro.com.vn/honda-cr-v-2024-ra-mat-tai-viet-nam-gia-tu-hon-11-ty-co-awd-hybrid-them-nhieu-cong-nghe-moi-canh-tranh-cx-5-1772310251033415.chn. 
  55. Lâm, Bảo (2023-10-25). "Chênh 200 triệu, đây là những khác biệt giữa 4 phiên bản Honda CR-V 2024 vừa ra mắt" (in vi). https://autopro.com.vn/chenh-200-trieu-day-la-nhung-khac-biet-giua-4-phien-ban-honda-cr-v-2024-vua-ra-mat-177231025144427289.chn. 
  56. Chowdhury, Mashfique Hussain. "Honda CR-V 2024 Prices & Specifications in the UAE". https://www.drivearabia.com/carprices/uae/honda/honda-cr-v/2024/. 
  57. Lim, Anthony. "2024 Honda CR-V launched in Malaysia – 6th-gen SUV, four variants, 1.5L turbo and 2.0L hybrid, from RM158k" (in en-MY). https://paultan.org/2023/12/14/2024-honda-cr-v-launched-in-malaysia-6th-gen-suv-1-5-turbo-2-0-hybrid-from-rm158k/. 
  58. Lye, Gerard (2023-08-18). "2023 Honda CR-V gets five-star ASEAN NCAP rating" (in en). https://paultan.org/2023/08/18/2023-honda-cr-v-gets-five-star-asean-ncap-rating/. 
  59. "Honda CR-V (2023) Digital Report - 18 Aug 2023" (in en-US). 2023-08-18. https://aseancap.org/v4/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Honda-CR-V-2023-Digital-Report-18-Aug-2023.pdf. 
  60. "2023 Honda CR-V Small SUV / 4-door SUV". https://www.iihs.org/ratings/vehicle/honda/cr-v-4-door-suv/2023. 
  61. "Honda 2020 Digital FactBook". Honda North America. 31 August 2020. https://hondanews.com/en-US/honda-corporate/releases/release-554e3d8539c7f6db3b88b571930280ab-honda-2020-digital-factbook. 
  62. "Honda CR-V Sales Figures" (in en-US). http://www.goodcarbadcar.net/2011/01/honda-cr-v-sales-figures/. 
  63. "Honda CR-V European sales figures" (in en-US). 29 January 2014. http://carsalesbase.com/european-car-sales-data/honda/honda-crv/. 
  64. "Masuk » Indonesian Automobile Industry Data". http://files.gaikindo.or.id/. 
  65. "Venta al público y producción de vehículos ligeros por marca, modelo, segmento y país origen" (in es-MX). https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/tabulados/pxwebv2/pxweb/es/RAIAVL/RAIAVL/RAIAVL_8_9.px/. 
  66. "Honda CR-V: Popularity over the Years". https://data.gov.my/dashboard/car-popularity. 
  67. "Honda CR-V China auto sales figures". 22 April 2015. http://carsalesbase.com/china-car-sales-data/honda/honda-cr-v/. 
  68. "Honda Breeze China auto sales figures" (in en-US). 2019-12-18. https://carsalesbase.com/china-honda-breeze/. 
  69. 69.0 69.1 Australia 1999: Holden Commodore leads but down 10%, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 4, 2000. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  70. 70.0 70.1 Australia 2001: Commodore, Falcon and Toyota Corolla on podium, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 24, 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  71. 71.0 71.1 Australia 2003: Ford Falcon teases Holden Commodore, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 3, 2004. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  72. 72.0 72.1 Australia 2005: Commodore & Falcon still dominate but slow down, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 3, 2006. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  73. 73.0 73.1 Australia 2007: Commodore resists new Corolla assault in millionaire market, Falcon down to No. 5, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 2, 2008. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  74. 74.0 74.1 Australia 2009: Commodore still ahead but with lowest volume, Mazda3 #1 in January, the Chinese arrive, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 1, 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  75. 75.0 75.1 Australia Full Year 2011: Mazda3 breaks 15 years of Holden Commodore domination, possibly the first time since 1947 an imported model leads sales!, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 21, 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  76. 76.0 76.1 Australia Full Year 2013: Toyota Corolla finally tops record market, BestSellingCarsBlog, January 16, 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2020
  77. "Thailand cars sales report 2014". HeadlightMag.com. Thailand. February 2015. http://www.headlightmag.com/salesreport_total2014/. 
  78. "Thailand cars sales report 2015". HeadlightMag.com. Thailand. 10 June 2016. http://www.headlightmag.com/salesreport_total2015/. 
  79. "Thailand cars sales report 2016". HeadlightMag.com. Thailand. 26 January 2017. http://www.headlightmag.com/sales-report-december-2016/. 
  80. "Thailand cars sales report 2017". HeadlightMag.com. Thailand. 29 January 2018. http://www.headlightmag.com/sales-report-december-2017/. 
  81. "Sales Report เจาะลึกยอดขายรถยนต์ ธันวาคม 61 + สรุปปี 2018 แบ่งตาม Segment" (in th). 2019-05-09. http://www.headlightmag.com/sales-report-december-2018/. 
  82. "Sales Report ยอดขายรถยนต์ กลุ่ม Compact SUV (C-SUV) : เดือน มกราคม – ธันวาคม 2019" (in th). 2020-02-12. http://www.headlightmag.com/sales-report-compact-suv-2019-thailand/. 
  83. "Here are the best-selling Honda vehicles in PH in 2019" (in en). 2020-02-06. https://visor.ph/industry/here-are-the-best-selling-honda-vehicles-in-ph-in-2019/. 
  84. "Vietnam Sales Report 2019" (in vi). 2020-02-12. https://www.xeoto.com.vn/doanh-so/2019. 
  85. "Sales Report ยอดขายรถยนต์ กลุ่ม SUV / Crossover : เดือน มกราคม – ธันวาคม 2020" (in th-TH). 2020-02-12. https://www.headlightmag.com/sales-report-compact-suv-2020/. 
  86. "Honda PH reveals its per-model sales breakdown for 2020" (in en). 2021-02-06. https://visor.ph/industry/honda-ph-reveals-its-per-model-sales-breakdown-for-2020/. 
  87. xeOTO. "Top 10 xe bán chạy nhất 2020 - xeoto.com.vn" (in vi). https://www.xeoto.com.vn/doanh-so. 
  88. "ยอดจดทะเบียน C-SUV ในปี 2021 ขายดีสุดในไทยคือ Honda CR-V ส่วนแก๊งค์รถจีนจ่อตีตื้น | AutoFun" (in th). 2022-01-11. https://www.autofun.co.th/news/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99-csuv-%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5-2021-%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD-honda-crv--%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99-39278. 
  89. "Here is Honda PH's per-model sales breakdown in 2021" (in en). 2022-01-24. https://visor.ph/industry/here-is-honda-phs-per-model-sales-breakdown-in-2021/. 
  90. Khánh, Duy (12 January 2022). "Hiện tượng doanh số cuối năm Hyundai Tucson vẫn phải nhường sân cho Mazda CX-5 sau một năm đầy biến động tại Việt Nam" (in vi). https://autopro.com.vn/hien-tuong-doanh-so-cuoi-nam-hyundai-tucson-van-phai-nhuong-san-cho-mazda-cx-5-sau-mot-nam-day-bien-dong-tai-viet-nam-20220112123320424.chn. 

External links