Chemistry:Dipotassium phosphate

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Dipotassium phosphate
Di-potassium monohydrogen phosphate.svg
Hydrogenfosforečnan draselný.JPG
Dipotassium-phosphate-3D-vdW.png
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium hydrogen phosphate
Other names
Potassium monohydrogen phosphate
Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt
Potassium phosphate dibasic
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 231-834-5
UNII
Properties
K2HPO4
Molar mass 174.2 g/mol
Appearance white powder
deliquescent
Odor odorless
Density 2.44 g/cm3
Melting point > 465 °C (869 °F; 738 K) decomposes
149.25 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility slightly soluble in alcohol
Acidity (pKa) 12.4
Basicity (pKb) 6.8
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
1
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other cations
Disodium phosphate
Diammonium phosphate
Related compounds
Monopotassium phosphate
Tripotassium phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
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Dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) (also dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; potassium phosphate dibasic) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2HPO4.(H2O)x (x = 0, 3, 6). Together with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4.(H2O)x), it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.[1] It is a white or colorless solid that is soluble in water.

It is produced commercially by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with two equivalents of potassium chloride:[1]

H3PO4 + 2 KCl → K2HPO4 + 2 HCl

Uses

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is used in imitation dairy creamers, dry powder beverages, mineral supplements, and starter cultures.[2] It functions as an emulsifier, stabilizer and texturizer; it also is a buffering agent, and chelating agent especially for the calcium in milk products..[3]

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is generally recognized as safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration.[4]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Klaus Schrödter; Gerhard Bettermann; Thomas Staffel; Friedrich Wahl; Thomas Klein; Thomas Hofmann (2012). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. 
  2. John H. Thorngate III, ed (2001). "Food Phosphates". Food Additives. Food Science and Technology. 116. CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9780824741709.ch25. ISBN 978-0-8247-9343-2. 
  3. "What is dipotassium phosphate?". 30 April 2018. https://us.myprotein.com/thezone/supplements/dipotassium-phosphate-used/. 
  4. "Database of Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Reviews". http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/opascogd.html.  (listed as "potassium phosphate, dibasic")