Biology:Matucana
| Matucana | |
|---|---|
| |
| Matucana paucicostata | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Tribe: | Cereeae |
| Subtribe: | Trichocereinae |
| Genus: | Matucana Britton & Rose[1] |
| Type species | |
| Matucana haynii | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Matucana is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae), containing approximately 20 species of mostly globular plants.[2] The genus is only known from Peru,[3] mostly along the Marañón River.
Some species are endangered due to collection for the specialist market.
Description
Plants within this genus are identified by the fruit's distinctive structure, marked by vertical splits that release seeds upon maturity. The overall body shape, spination, offset production, and preferred habitat exhibit considerable variability, mirroring the diverse nature of the flowers within the genus. Species of Matucana have low, globose or shortly cylindrical bodies, either solitary or clustering. The flowers are subapical, usually more or less zygomorphic, diurnal, in various colours, but mainly red, yellow or pink.[4] However, a few species, notably M. oreodoxa, have actinomorphic flowers and were placed in a separate genus - Eomatucana - by F. Ritter. They are reported to flower at a young age.[5][6]
Taxonomy
The first species was discovered near the town of Matucana and described as Echinocactus haynii by Christoph Friedrich Otto in 1849. The genus Matucana was erected by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose in 1922 to differentiate it from the diverse Echinocactus genus.[3]
Species
(As of October 2023), the following species were accepted:[1][7]
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
 |
Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb. | Peru. |
.jpg) |
Matucana aureiflora F.Ritter | Peru. |
| Matucana charlesiorum Hoxey | Peru | |
| Matucana chrysacantha Hoxey & G.J.Charles | Peru | |
 |
Matucana formosa F.Ritter | Peru. |
| Matucana gigantea G.J.Charles | Peru | |
.jpg) |
Matucana haynii (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose | Peru. |
| Matucana hoxeyi (G.J.Charles) G.J.Charles | Peru. | |
 |
Matucana huagalensis (Donald & A.B.Lau) Bregmann, Meerst., Melis & Pullen | Peru. |
 |
Matucana intertexta F.Ritter | Peru. |
| Matucana klopfensteinii Cieza & Pino | Peru (Cajamarca). | |
.jpg) |
Matucana krahnii (Donald) Bregmann | Peru. |
 |
Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) G.D.Rowley | Peru. |
 |
Matucana oreodoxa (F.Ritter) Slaba | Peru. |
|
Matucana paucicostata F.Ritter | Peru. |
| Matucana pughii G.J.Charles | Peru. | |
| Matucana pujupatii (Donald & A.B.Lau) Bregmann | Peru. | |
| Matucana rebutiiflora G.J.Charles | Peru. | |
.jpg) |
Matucana ritteri Buining | Peru. |
| Matucana roseiflora (G.J.Charles) G.J.Charles & Hoxey | Peru. | |
 |
Matucana tuberculata (Donald) Bregman, Meerst., Melis & A.B.Pullen | Peru. |
 |
Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Backeb. | Peru. |
Cultivation
All members of the genus cannot tolerate too much moisture so that it is recommended that they be watered only during their growing season and when the substrate is dry. They risk losing their roots if they are not kept warm through the winter. Members of Matucana grow quickly and may be grown from seed.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Matucana Britton & Rose" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/5414-1.
- ↑ "BioLib - Matucana". https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id298308/.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Divulgazione, Divisione (15 January 2013). "Matucana". http://seedscactus.com/en/content/44-focus-on-genus-matucana.
- ↑ Anderson, Miles (2008). The Complete Illustrated Guide to Growing Cacti & Succulents. London: Lorenz Books. pp. 92–93. ISBN 9780754818427.
- ↑ "Plant of the Month: Matucana madisoniorum". August 2014. http://www.bcss.org.uk/pom092014.php.
- ↑ Charles, Graham (2013-08-31). "Matucana rebutiiflora , a new cactus species from Ancash, Peru". Bradleya 31 (31): 2–4. doi:10.25223/brad.n31.2013.a2. ISSN 0265-086X.
- ↑ Korotkova, Nadja; Aquino, David; Arias, Salvador; Eggli, Urs; Franck, Alan; Gómez-Hinostrosa, Carlos; Guerrero, Pablo C.; Hernández, Héctor M. et al. (2021-08-31). "Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family". Willdenowia (Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universitaet Berlin) 51 (2). doi:10.3372/wi.51.51208. ISSN 0511-9618.
- Bregman, Rob: The Genus Matucana. Biology and systematics of fascinating Peruvian cacti. A.A.Balkema 1996.
- Ritter, Friedrich: Kakteen in Südamerika, Band 4, s. 1486–87. Friedrich Ritter Selbstverlag 1981.
Wikidata ☰ Q311767 entry
 |  |
