Social:Duruwa language

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Short description: Dravidian language spoken in India
Dhurwa
ପରଜି, धुरवा
Parji
Native toIndia
EthnicityDuruwa
Native speakers
52,349 (2011 census)[1]
Dravidian
  • Central Dravidian
    • Parji–Gadaba
      • Dhurwa
Odia script, Devanagari script
Language codes
ISO 639-3pci
Glottologduru1236[2]

Duruwa (Odia: ପରଜି, Devanagari: धुरवा) or Dhurwa or Parji is a Central Dravidian language spoken by the Duruwa people of India , in the districts of Koraput in Odisha and Bastar in Chhattisgarh. The language is related to Ollari and Kolami, which is also spoken by other neighbouring tribes.

Classification

Duruwa is a member of the Central Dravidian languages.[3][4] Duruwa is a spoken language and is generally not written. Whenever it is written, it makes use of the Devanagari script in Bastar district and Odia script in Koraput district.

Phonology

Vowels[5]
Front Central Back
short long short long short long
High i u
Mid e o
Low a
Consonants[5]
Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m ɲ ŋ
Plosive voiceless p t ʈ c k
voiced b d ɖ ɟ ɡ
Fricative (s) (h)
Approximant central ʋ j
lateral l
Tap ɾ ɽ

Dialects

There are four dialects: Tiriya, Nethanar, Dharba, and Kukanar. They are mutually intelligible.[citation needed]

References

  1. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html. 
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Duruwa". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/duru1236. 
  3. Fairservis, Walter Ashlin (1997). The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. Asian Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 78. ISBN 978-90-04-09066-8. 
  4. Stassen, Leon (1997). Intransitive Predication. Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory. Oxford University Press. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-19-925893-2. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian languages (null ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 57. ISBN 9780511060373.