Hypercubic honeycomb

From HandWiki
Short description: Regular tilings of ≥3D spaces with hypercubes
Square tiling uniform coloring 1.png
A regular square tiling.
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1 color
Partial cubic honeycomb.png
A cubic honeycomb in its regular form.
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1 color
Square tiling uniform coloring 7.png
A checkboard square tiling
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2 colors
Bicolor cubic honeycomb.png
A cubic honeycomb checkerboard.
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2 colors
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Expanded square tiling
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3 colors
Runcinated cubic honeycomb.png
Expanded cubic honeycomb
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4 colors
Square tiling uniform coloring 9.png
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4 colors
Cubic 8-color honeycomb.png
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8 colors

In geometry, a hypercubic honeycomb is a family of regular honeycombs (tessellations) in n-dimensional spaces with the Schläfli symbols {4,3...3,4} and containing the symmetry of Coxeter group Rn (or B~n–1) for n ≥ 3.

The tessellation is constructed from 4 n-hypercubes per ridge. The vertex figure is a cross-polytope {3...3,4}.

The hypercubic honeycombs are self-dual.

Coxeter named this family as δn+1 for an n-dimensional honeycomb.

Wythoff construction classes by dimension

A Wythoff construction is a method for constructing a uniform polyhedron or plane tiling.

The two general forms of the hypercube honeycombs are the regular form with identical hypercubic facets and one semiregular, with alternating hypercube facets, like a checkerboard.

A third form is generated by an expansion operation applied to the regular form, creating facets in place of all lower-dimensional elements. For example, an expanded cubic honeycomb has cubic cells centered on the original cubes, on the original faces, on the original edges, on the original vertices, creating 4 colors of cells around in vertex in 1:3:3:1 counts.

The orthotopic honeycombs are a family topologically equivalent to the cubic honeycombs but with lower symmetry, in which each of the three axial directions may have different edge lengths. The facets are hyperrectangles, also called orthotopes; in 2 and 3 dimensions the orthotopes are rectangles and cuboids respectively.

δn Name Schläfli symbols Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams
Orthotopic
{∞}(n)
(2m
colors, m < n)
Regular
(Expanded)
{4,3n–1,4}
(1 color, n colors)
Checkerboard
{4,3n–4,31,1}
(2 colors)
δ2 Apeirogon {∞} CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png    
δ3 Square tiling {∞}(2)
{4,4}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
δ4 Cubic honeycomb {∞}(3)
{4,3,4}
{4,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ5 4-cube honeycomb {∞}(4)
{4,32,4}
{4,3,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ6 5-cube honeycomb {∞}(5)
{4,33,4}
{4,32,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ7 6-cube honeycomb {∞}(6)
{4,34,4}
{4,33,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ8 7-cube honeycomb {∞}(7)
{4,35,4}
{4,34,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δ9 8-cube honeycomb {∞}(8)
{4,36,4}
{4,35,31,1}
CDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.pngCDel 2.pngCDel labelinfin.pngCDel branch 10.png CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node 1.png
CDel node 1.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
δn n-hypercubic honeycomb {∞}(n)
{4,3n-3,4}
{4,3n-4,31,1}
...

See also

References

  • Coxeter, H.S.M. Regular Polytopes, (3rd edition, 1973), Dover edition, ISBN:0-486-61480-8
    1. pp. 122–123. (The lattice of hypercubes γn form the cubic honeycombs, δn+1)
    2. pp. 154–156: Partial truncation or alternation, represented by h prefix: h{4,4}={4,4}; h{4,3,4}={31,1,4}, h{4,3,3,4}={3,3,4,3}
    3. p. 296, Table II: Regular honeycombs, δn+1
Fundamental convex regular and uniform honeycombs in dimensions 2-9
Space Family [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{A}}_{n-1} }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{C}}_{n-1} }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{B}}_{n-1} }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{D}}_{n-1} }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{G}}_2 }[/math] / [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{F}}_4 }[/math] / [math]\displaystyle{ {\tilde{E}}_{n-1} }[/math]
E2 Uniform tiling {3[3]} δ3 3 3 Hexagonal
E3 Uniform convex honeycomb {3[4]} δ4 4 4
E4 Uniform 4-honeycomb {3[5]} δ5 5 5 24-cell honeycomb
E5 Uniform 5-honeycomb {3[6]} δ6 6 6
E6 Uniform 6-honeycomb {3[7]} δ7 7 7 222
E7 Uniform 7-honeycomb {3[8]} δ8 8 8 133331
E8 Uniform 8-honeycomb {3[9]} δ9 9 9 152251521
E9 Uniform 9-honeycomb {3[10]} δ10 10 10
En-1 Uniform (n-1)-honeycomb {3[n]} δn n n 1k22k1k21