Engineering:Nuclear power by country

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Short description: Countries with nuclear power plants
Nations based on nuclear output as a percentage of national power output
Timeline of commissioned and decommissioned nuclear capacity since the 1950s.[1] Positive numbers show the commissioned capacity for each year; negative numbers show the decommissioned capacity for each year.
Global status of nuclear deployment as of April 2023
  Operating reactors, building new reactors
  Operating reactors, planning new build
  No reactors, building new reactors
  No reactors, planning new build 		  Operating reactors, stable
  Operating but may phase-out
  Civil nuclear power is illegal
  No reactors
Nuclear power plants in Europe (including decommissioned nuclear power plants)

Nuclear power plants operate in 32 countries and generate about a tenth of the world's electricity.[2] Most are in Europe, North America, East Asia and South Asia. The United States is the largest producer of nuclear power, while France has the largest share of electricity generated by nuclear power, at about 70%.[3] China has the fastest growing nuclear power programme with 16 new reactors under construction, followed by India, which has 8 under construction.[when?][4]

Some countries operated nuclear reactors in the past but have no operating nuclear plants. Among them, Italy closed all of its nuclear stations by 1990 and nuclear power has since been discontinued because of the 1987 referendums. Kazakhstan phased out nuclear power in 1999 but is planning to reintroduce it possibly by 2035.[5] Germany operated nuclear plants since 1960 until the completion of its phaseout policy in 2023. Austria (Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant) and the Philippines (Bataan Nuclear Power Plant) never started to use their first nuclear plants that were completely built.

Sweden and Belgium originally had phase-out policies however they have now moved away from their original plans. The Philippines relaunched their nuclear programme on February 28, 2022 and may try to operate the 1984 mothballed Bataan Plant.[6][7]

Due to financial, political and technical reasons, Cuba, Libya and Poland never completed the construction of their first nuclear plants, and Australia , Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ghana, Ireland, Kuwait, Oman, Peru and Singapore never built their planned first nuclear plants.[8][9] Some of these countries are still planning to introduce nuclear power. As of 2020, Poland was in advanced planning phase for 1.5 GW and planned to have up to 9 GW by 2040.[10] Hong Kong has no nuclear power plants within its boundary, but imports 80% of the electricity generated from Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station located across the border, in which the power company of the territory holds stake.[11][12] In 2021, Iraq declared it was planning to build 8 nuclear reactors by 2030 to supply up to 25% electric power in a grid that was suffering from shortages.[13]

Overview

Of the 32 countries in which nuclear power plants operate, only France , Slovakia, Ukraine and Belgium use them as the source for a majority of the country's electricity supply as of 2021. Other countries have significant amounts of nuclear power generation capacity. By far the largest nuclear electricity producers are the United States with 772,221 GWh of nuclear electricity in 2022, followed by China with 395,354 GWh.[2] As of 2022, 401 reactors with a net capacity of 361,144 MWe were operational, and 57 reactors with net capacity of 59,091 MWe were under construction. Of the reactors under construction, 21 reactors with 21,608 MWe were in China and 8 reactors with a capacity of 6,028 MWe were in India .[14][failed verification]

Template:Sticky headerTemplate:Table alignment

Nuclear power by country in 2022[2]
Country Reactors Capacity
(MW) 		Generation
(GWh) 		%
total 		Capacity
factor
In
use 		Being
built 		 World 401 57 361,155 2,486,834 N/A 79%
3 1 1,641 7,470 5.4% 52%
1 0 416 2,631 31.0% 72%
0 2 N/A N/A N/A N/A
1 1 1,110 4,411 11.9% 45%
7 0 5,942 41,744 46.4% 80% [lower-alpha 1]
2 1 1,884 13,745 2.5% 83%
2 0 2,006 15,784 32.6% 90%
19 0 13,624 81,718 12.9% 68%
54 21 52,181 395,354 5.0% 86%
6 0 3,934 29,310 36.7% 85%
0 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A
5 0 4,394 24,242 35.0% 63%
56 1 61,370 282,093 62.6% 52%
4 0 1,916 14,954 47.0% 89%
19 8 6,290 41,972 3.1% 76%
1 2 915 6,009 1.7% 75%
33 2 31,679 51,908 6.1% 19% [lower-alpha 2]
2 0 1,552 10,539 4.5% 78%
1 0 482 3,931 3.3% 93%
6 1 3,262 22,219 16.2% 78%
2 0 1,300 10,222 19.4% 90%
37 6 27,727 209,517 19.6% 86%
5 1 2,308 14,830 59.2% 73%
1 0 688 5,311 42.8% 88% [lower-alpha 3]
2 0 1,854 10,124 4.9% 62%
25 3 24,489 167,514 30.4% 78%
7 0 7,123 56,150 20.3% 90% [lower-alpha 4]
6 0 6,937 50,018 29.4% 82%
4 0 2,973 23,180 36.4% 89% [lower-alpha 5]
3 0 2,859 22,917 9.1% 92%
0 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
15 2 13,107 81,126 55.0% 71% [lower-alpha 6]
3 1 4,011 19,300 6.8% 55%
12 2 7,343 43,605 14.2% 68%
93 1 95,523 772,221 18.2% 92%

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Phase-out postponed
  2. ↑ Many reactors stopped
  3. ↑ One reactor (Krško Nuclear Power Plant) located within Slovenia is co-owned by and shared between Croatia and Slovenia.
  4. ↑ Phase-out planned
  5. ↑ Gradual phase-out planned
  6. ↑ From 2021 before the Russian invasion

References

  1. ↑ "Operational & Long-Term Shutdown Reactors". IAEA. 13 April 2013. http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/WorldStatistics/OperationalReactorsByCountry.aspx. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Nuclear Share of Electricity Generation in 2022". IAEA. https://pris.iaea.org/pris/worldstatistics/nuclearshareofelectricitygeneration.aspx. 
  3. ↑ "Nuclear Power in France | French Nuclear Energy - World Nuclear Association". https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/france.aspx. 
  4. ↑ "China Nuclear Power | Chinese Nuclear Energy - World Nuclear Association". http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf63.html. 
  5. ↑ "Kazakhstan chooses site for second NPP". Nuclear Engineering International. 2022-08-09. https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newskazakhstan-chooses-site-for-second-npp-9913411. 
  6. ↑ "Philippines relaunches nuclear energy programme : Nuclear Policies - World Nuclear News". https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Philippines-relaunches-nuclear-energy-programme. 
  7. ↑ "Sweden Reverses Nuclear Phase-out Policy". https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/sweden-reverses-nuclear-phase-out/. 
  8. ↑ Duroyan Fertl (5 June 2011). "Germany: Nuclear power to be phased out by 2022". Green Left. http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/47834. 
  9. ↑ James Kanter (25 May 2011). "Switzerland Decides on Nuclear Phase-Out". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/26/business/global/26nuclear.html?_r=1. 
  10. ↑ Wilczek, Maria (2020-06-16). "Construction of Poland's first nuclear power plant to begin in 2026" (in en-US). https://notesfrompoland.com/2020/06/16/construction-of-polands-first-nuclear-power-plant-to-begin-in-2026/. 
  11. ↑ "Hong Kong fallout from China's reckless nuclear ambitions". https://amp.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/article/1898583/hong-kong-fallout-chinas-reckless-nuclear-ambitions-feared. 
  12. ↑ "CLP to increase nuclear power imports 10pc". https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1422471/clp-increase-nuclear-power-imports-10pc. 
  13. ↑ "Iraq hopes to build 8 nuclear power reactors by 2030" (in en). 15 June 2021. https://www.brecorder.com/news/40100330. 
  14. ↑ Nuclear Power Reactors in the World. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2020. ISBN 978-92-0-114820-9. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/RDS-2-40_web.pdf. 

External links



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