Engineering:Galaxy 1

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Short description: TV and communications satellite
Galaxy 1
Mission typeCommunication
OperatorHughes
COSPAR ID1983-065A
SATCAT no.14158
Mission duration9 years (planned)
Spacecraft properties
BusHS-376
ManufacturerHughes Aircraft
Dry mass1218 kg
Start of mission
Launch date28 June 1983, 22:08:00 UTC
RocketDelta-3920 / PAM-D
Launch siteCape Canaveral Air Force Station
End of mission
DisposalGraveyard orbit
Deactivated1994
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeGeostationary orbit
Longitude169.0° West
Transponders
Band24 C-band
Coverage areaUnited States
 

Galaxy 1 was the first in a line of Galaxy communications satellites launched by Hughes Communications in 1983.

It helped fill a hole in satellite broadcasting bandwidth created by the loss of RCA's Satcom 3 in 1979.[1] Unlike satellite owners RCA and Western Union, Hughes did not lease time on their transponders in the fashion of a common carrier, but instead sold transponders outright to content providers. This created a stable lineup of content attractive enough for cable providers to dedicate Earth station receivers to it full-time.[2]

Among the services on Galaxy 1 by mid-1984: HBO, Cinemax, The Movie Channel, Showtime, The Disney Channel, TBS, CNN, ESPN, and The Nashville Network.[2]

Retirement of Galaxy 1

Galaxy 1 was originally slated for retirement in 1992 and replacement by Galaxy 1R,[3] but the replacement was lost during launch on 22 August 1992, due to a failure of the booster rocket's second stage Centaur engine.[4] Galaxy 1 was eventually replaced in 1994 by Galaxy 1RR.

Home Box Office

The HBO (Home Box Office) signal on transponder 23 of Galaxy 1 was interrupted during the infamous Captain Midnight attack on 27 April 1986. The attack was directed at HBO for their adoption of the Videocipher system and for charging high prices for access to the HBO and Cinemax services with that system.[5]

See also

References