Chemistry:Quartz fiber

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Short description: Fiber created from high purity

quartz crystals


Quartz fiber is a fiber created from high-purity quartz crystals.[1][2] It is made by first softening quartz rods (in an oxyhydrogen flame)[3] and then creating filaments from the rods.[4] Since the creation of hign-purity quartz crystals is an energy intensive process, quartz fiber is more expensive than alternatives (glass fiber and high-silica fiber) and has limited applications.[3]

Manufacture

Quartz fiber is made from heating quartz rods with an oxyhydrogen flame. Then, filaments are drawn out of the quartz rod, creating quartz fibers.[5] For optical fibers, germanium and phosphorus can be added to increase the refractive index.[6][7]

Properties

A single quartz fiber can have a tensile strength of 800 kilopounds per square inch (5,500 MPa). Quartz fibers are chemically stable as they are not affected by halogens (for the most part). Quartz fibers also have a higher thermal resistance than S-glass or E-glass.[8]

Applications

A quartz fiber dosimeter, a device using a quartz fiber.

Since quartz fiber is expensive, it has limited applications.[2] It is used mainly for producing composite materials (due to having higher stability compared to glass fiber) and in electrical applications where thermal resistance and dielectric properties are important.[9] It can be used in filtration applications where alternatives such as glass fiber filters cannot be used.[3][10] Quartz fiber can also be used for physical devices (such as in quartz fiber dosimeters and quartz fiber electrometers).[11]

Quartz fibers can be used in fiber optics. This is due to a quartz fiber having the ability to transport data at a speed of 1 terabit per second,[12][13] and having a transmission loss of 1 decibel per kilometer.[14]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Carley, James F. (1993-10-08) (in en). Whittington's Dictionary of Plastics, Third Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 9781566760904. https://books.google.com/books?id=791DhiI-D88C&dq=quartz+fiber+fiber+from+quartz+crystal&pg=PA417. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wang, Ru-Min; Zheng, Shui-Rong; Zheng, Yujun George (2011-07-14) (in en). Polymer Matrix Composites and Technology. Elsevier. ISBN 9780857092229. https://books.google.com/books?id=uHhwAgAAQBAJ&dq=quartz+fiber+fiber+from+quartz+crystal&pg=PA93. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rosato, Donald V.; Rosato, Dominick V. (2004) (in en). Reinforced Plastics Handbook. Elsevier. ISBN 9781856174503. https://books.google.com/books?id=AND6HhsssvcC&dq=Quartz+fiber+is+fiber&pg=PA80. 
  4. ↑ Rosato, Donald V.; Rosato, Marlene G.; Rosato, D. V. (2000-08-31) (in en). Concise Encyclopedia of Plastics. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780792384960. https://books.google.com/books?id=0g9QjxsbqmUC&dq=quartz+fiber+extruded+quartz&pg=PA277. 
  5. ↑ Peters, S. T. (2013-11-27) (in en). Handbook of Composites. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461563891. https://books.google.com/books?id=rkcMCAAAQBAJ&dq=quartz+fiber+made+by+heating+quartz+crystals&pg=PA157. 
  6. ↑ Xinju, Lan (2010-02-18) (in en). Laser Technology, Second Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420091717. https://books.google.com/books?id=zQbMBQAAQBAJ&dq=Quartz+optical+fiber+manufacture+doped+added&pg=PA374. 
  7. ↑ Staff, IGIC, Inc (1994) (in en). Radiation Effects on Fiber Optics and Opto Electronics. Information Gatekeepers Inc. ISBN 9781568510750. https://books.google.com/books?id=Rib-D5iLo6sC&dq=Quartz+fiber+germanium+added+to+increase+refractive+index&pg=PA72. 
  8. ↑ Defense, Us Dept Of (1999-06-18) (in en). Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17: Materials Usage, Design, and Analysis. CRC Press. ISBN 9781566768283. https://books.google.com/books?id=wnM6ctnpiwgC&dq=Quartz+fiber+properties&pg=SA2-PA21. 
  9. ↑ Materials, Metal Properties Council Task Group on Commercial Opportunities for Composite; Watts, Admiral A. (1980) (in en). Commercial Opportunities for Advanced Composites. ASTM International. ISBN 9780803103023. https://books.google.com/books?id=AgHQbsKyxisC&dq=%22quartz+fiber%22+used+in+composites&pg=PA15. 
  10. ↑ Brisson, Michael J.; Ekechukwu, Amy A. (2009) (in en). Beryllium: Environmental Analysis and Monitoring. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 9781847559036. https://books.google.com/books?id=Nz9DgyeUFAYC&dq=Quartz+fiber+-wikipedia.org&pg=PA37. 
  11. ↑ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (2001) (in en). Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. ISBN 9780123526519. https://books.google.com/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&dq=Quartz+fiber+used+for+-wikipedia.org&pg=PA859. 
  12. ↑ "Fiber optics". http://ping-test.net/fiber_optics. 
  13. ↑ McWhan, Denis (2012-02-23) (in en). Sand and Silicon: Science that Changed the World. OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780191627477. https://books.google.com/books?id=fD5pO3lU2YIC&dq=quartz+fiber+is&pg=PA117. 
  14. ↑ Takajima, Toshi; Kajiwara, K.; McIntyre, J. E. (1994) (in en). Advanced Fiber Spinning Technology. Woodhead Publishing. ISBN 9781855731820. https://books.google.com/books?id=sxUsqJQUKY0C&dq=quartz+fiber+used&pg=PA208. 



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