Chemistry:Flavonolignan
Flavonolignans are natural phenols composed of a part flavonoid and a part phenylpropane.
Examples
Flavonolignans identified in Silybum marianum (milk thistle) silymarin complex include silibinin, silychristin, silydianin, dehydrosilybin, deoxysilycistin, deoxysilydianin, silandrin, silybinome, silyhermin and neosilyhermin and can be produced in vitro.[1] Silibinin is found in the roots of S. marianum[2] while silyamandin[3] can be found in the fruit.[4]
Hydnocarpin can be found naturally in Onopordon corymbosum[5] and can be synthesised.[6]
Scutellaprostin A, B, C, D, E and F can be isolated from Scutellaria prostrata and can also be synthesized.[7]
Hydnowightin can be isolated from Hydnocarpus wightiana seeds.[8]
Three flavonolignans derived from the flavone tricin have been isolated from the herb Avena sativa.[9]
Palstatin has been isolated from the Amazon tree Hymeneae palustris.[10]
Salcolin A and salcolin B can be found in Salsola collina.[11]
Rhodiolin, the product of the oxidative coupling of coniferyl alcohol with the 7,8-dihydroxy grouping of the flavonol herbacetin, can be found in the rhizome of Rhodiola rosea.[12]
Glycosides
The flavonolignans tricin 4'-O-(erythro-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether and tricin 4'-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether can be isolated together with their 7-O-glucosides in the leaves of Hyparrhenia hirta.[13]
Research
A 2022 research has concluded that flavonolignans "reduce the virulence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains".[14]
References
- ↑ "Silybum marianum in vitro-flavonolignan production". Plant, Soil and Environment 52 (10): 454–8. 2006. doi:10.17221/3466-PSE. http://www.cazv.cz/userfiles/File/PSE%2052_454-458.pdf.
- ↑ "Flavonolignan production from Silybum marianum transformed and untransformed root cultures". Fitoterapia 71 (4): 379–84. August 2000. doi:10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00134-9. PMID 10925007.
- ↑ Sarris, Jerome; Seaton, Kylie (2007). "Silyamandin: A New Flavonolignan". Australian Journal of Medical Herbalism 19 (4): 187. http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary%3Bdn=002024714890175%3Bres=IELHEA.
- ↑ "Silyamandin, a new flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle tinctures". Planta Medica 73 (11): 1214–6. September 2007. doi:10.1055/s-2007-981595. PMID 17823870.
- ↑ Cardona, M; Garcia, B; Pedro, J; Sinisterra, J (1990). "Flavonoids, flavonolignans and a phenylpropanoid from Onopordon corymbosum". Phytochemistry 29 (2): 629. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(90)85131-X.
- ↑ "Synthesis and structures of regioisomeric hydnocarpin-type flavonolignans". Journal of Natural Products 63 (8): 1140–5. August 2000. doi:10.1021/np000166d. PMID 10978213.
- ↑ "[Total synthesis of flavonolignans, scutellaprostins A, B, C, D, E and F]" (in ja). Yakugaku Zasshi 111 (8): 424–35. August 1991. doi:10.1248/yakushi1947.111.8_424. PMID 1665511.
- ↑ CID 6438705 from PubChem
- ↑ Wenzig, Eva; Kunert, Olaf; Ferreira, Daneel; Schmid, Martin; Schühly, Wolfgang; Bauer, Rudolf; Hiermann, Alois (2005). "Flavonolignans fromAvenasativa". Journal of Natural Products 68 (2): 289–92. doi:10.1021/np049636k. PMID 15730266.
- ↑ Pettit, George R.; Meng, Yanhui; Stevenson, Clare A.; Doubek, Dennis L.; Knight, John C.; Cichacz, Zbigniew; Pettit, Robin K.; Chapuis, Jean-Charles et al. (2003). "Isolation and Structure of Palstatin from the Amazon TreeHymeneaepalustris1". Journal of Natural Products 66 (2): 259–62. doi:10.1021/np020231e. PMID 12608861.
- ↑ Syrchina, A. I.; Gorshkov, A. G.; Shcherbakov, V. V.; Zinchenko, S. V.; Vereshchagin, A. L.; Zaikov, K. L.; Semenov, A. A. (1992). "Flavonolignans of Salsola collina". Chemistry of Natural Compounds 28 (2): 155. doi:10.1007/BF00630164.
- ↑ Zapesochnaya, G. G.; Kurkin, V. A. (1983). "The flavonoids of the rhizomes ofRhodiola rosea. II. A flavonolignan and glycosides of herbacetin". Chemistry of Natural Compounds 19: 21–29. doi:10.1007/BF00579955.
- ↑ "Flavonolignans from Hyparrhenia hirta". Phytochemistry 60 (5): 515–20. July 2002. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00145-0. PMID 12052518.
- ↑ Chemistry, University of; Prague, Technology. "Flavonolignans reduce the virulence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains" (in en). https://phys.org/news/2022-11-flavonolignans-virulence-antibiotic-resistant-bacterial-strains.html.
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