Chemistry:Chromomycin A3
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| IUPAC name
(6S,7S)-6-[(4-O-Acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-(1→3)-(2,6-dideoxy-β-D-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-(1→3)-2,6-dideoxy-β-D-arabino-hexopyranosyloxy]-7-[(1S)-5-deoxy-1-O-methyl-D-threo-pent-2-ulos-1-C-yl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroanthracen-2-yl (2,6-dideoxy-4-O-methyl-D-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-(1→3)-2,6-dideoxy-D-lyxo-hexopyranoside 4-acetate
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| Systematic IUPAC name
(12S,14S,15S,16S,32S,34R,35R,36R,52S,54R,55R,56R,72S,73S,92S,94R,95S,96R,112R,114R,115R,116R)-73-[(1S,3S,4R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-14,35,55,78,79,114-heptahydroxy-115-methoxy-14,16,36,56,77,96,116-heptamethyl-71-oxo-71,72,73,74-tetrahydro-2,4,6,8,10-pentaoxa-1,11(2),3,5(4,2),9(2,4)-pentakis(oxana)-7(2,6)-anthracenaundecaphane-15,95-diyl diacetate | |
| Other names
Toyomycin
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C57H82O26 | |
| Molar mass | 1183.257 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is   ?)
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Tracking categories (test):
Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) or Toyomycin is an anthraquinone antibiotic glycoside produced by the fermentation of a certain strain of Streptomyces griseus (No. 7).[1]
Fluorescence properties
In the presence of Mg2+ ions, Chromomycin A3 binds reversibly to DNA, preferentially to contiguous G/C base pairs.[2][3]
When bound to DNA, Chromomycin A3 has a maximum excitation wavelength of 445 nm (blue), and a maximum emission wavelength of 575 nm (yellow).[4]
Uses
- in-vitro membrane-impermeant G/C-specific fluorescent DNA-binding dye.[3]
- in-vitro antibiotic of gram-positive bacteria, through inhibition of the incorporation of Pi in the RNA.[1]
- in-vitro anticancer drug that inhibits RNA synthesis.[5]
- Evaluation of male fertility: Chromomycin A3 and protamines compete for the same binding sites in the DNA, so CMA3 positivity in spermatozoa reflects protamine deficiency (affecting sperm morphology and decreasing fertility).[6][7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kamiyama, M.; Kaziro, Y. (January 1966). "Mechanism of action of chromomycin A3. 1. Inhibition of nucleic acid metabolism in Bacillus subtilis cells". Journal of Biochemistry 59 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128257. ISSN 0021-924X. PMID 4957278.
- ↑ Kamiyama, M. (May 1968). "Mechanism of action of chromomycin A3. 3. On the binding of chromomycin A3 with DNA and physiochemical properties of the complex". Journal of Biochemistry 63 (5): 566–572. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128814. ISSN 0021-924X. PMID 4972707.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Van Dyke, M. W.; Dervan, P. B. (1983-05-10). "Chromomycin, mithramycin, and olivomycin binding sites on heterogeneous deoxyribonucleic acid. Footprinting with (methidiumpropyl-EDTA)iron(II)". Biochemistry 22 (10): 2373–2377. doi:10.1021/bi00279a011. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 6222762.
- ↑ https://www.caymanchem.com/pdfs/11315.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ↑ Kajiro, Y.; Kamiyama, M. (October 1967). "Mechanism of action of chromomycin A3. II. Inhibition of RNA polymerase reaction". Journal of Biochemistry 62 (4): 424–429. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128685. ISSN 0021-924X. PMID 5587590.
- ↑ Iranpour, Farhad Golshan; Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hosein; Valojerdi, Mojtaba Rezazadeh; Al-Taraihi, Taki Mohammad Taki (2000-01-01). "Chromomycin A3 Staining as a Useful Tool for Evaluation of Male Fertility" (in en). Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 17 (1): 60–66. doi:10.1023/a:1009406231811. ISSN 1058-0468. PMID 10754785.
- ↑ Nijs, Martine; Creemers, Eva; Cox, Annemie; Franssen, Kim; Janssen, Mia; Vanheusden, Elke; Jonge, Christopher De; Ombelet, Willem (November 2009). "Chromomycin A3 staining, sperm chromatin structure assay and hyaluronic acid binding assay as predictors for assisted reproductive outcome". Reproductive BioMedicine Online 19 (5): 671–684. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.07.002. PMID 20021715.
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