Chemistry:Caesium azide
| File:AzideCoordinationCropped.tif Coordination sphere of azide in CsN
3 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
caesium azide
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| Other names
cesium azide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties[1] | |
| CsN 3 | |
| Molar mass | 174.926 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless needles |
| Density | 3.5 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) |
| 224.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) | |
| Structure[2] | |
| tetragonal | |
| I4/mcm, No. 140 | |
a = 6.5412 Å, c = 8.0908 Å
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Formula units (Z)
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4 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Caesium azide or cesium azide is an inorganic compound of caesium and nitrogen. It is a salt of azide with the formula CsN
3.
Structure
CsN
3 adopts the same structure as KN
3, RbN
3, and TlN
3, crystallizing in a tetragonal distorted caesium chloride structure where each azide ion coordinates to eight metal cations, and each metal cation coordinates to eight terminal N centers.[2] When heated to 151 °C, it transitions to a cubic structure.[3]
Preparation and reactions
Caesium azide can be prepared from the neutralization reaction between hydrazoic acid and caesium hydroxide:[4]
CsOH + HN
3 → CsN
3 + H
2O
Caesium carbonate can also be used as the base:
Cs
2CO
3 + HN
3 → CsN
3 + CO
2 + H
2O
Caesium sulfate reacts with barium azide to form insoluble barium sulfate and caesium azide:
Cs
2SO
4 + Ba(N
3)
2 → 2CsN
3 + BaSO
4↓
The thermal decomposition of CsN
3 in vacuo can be used as a method of generating high purity caesium metal:[5]
2 CsN
3 → 2 Cs + 3 N
2
References
- ↑ Perry, Dale L. (18 May 2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Müller, Ulrich (1972). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN3, RbN3, CsN3 und TIN3". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 392 (2): 159–166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207.
- ↑ McIntyre, J.E., ed. Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds Volume 3: C46 – Zr. Chapman & Hill. p. 3096. ISBN 0-412-30120-2.
- ↑ Steudel, R.; Schenk, P. W. (1975). "Stickstoff". in Brauer, Georg. Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Band I. p. 458. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
- ↑ Blatter, Fritz; Schumacher, Ernst (15 January 1986). "Production of high purity caesium". Journal of the Less Common Metals 115 (2): 307–313. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90153-0.
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