Chemistry:3-Chlorophenol

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3-Chlorophenol
3-Chlorophenol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
3-Chlorophenol[1]
Other names
m-Chlorophenol
meta-Chlorophenol
3-Hydroxychlorobenzene
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
UNII
Properties
C6H5ClO
Molar mass 128.56 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless or white oily solid
Density 1.245 g/cm3 at 45 °C[2]
Melting point 32.5 °C (90.5 °F; 305.6 K)[2]
Boiling point 210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)[2]
20 g/L at 20 °C
Solubility in other solvents Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene
Vapor pressure kPa
Acidity (pKa) 9.12[3]
-77.6·10−6 cm3/mol[4]
1.5565[2]
Thermochemistry[5]
-206.4 kJ·mol−1 (s)
−189.3 kJ·mol−1 (l)
Enthalpy of fusion fHfus)
14.9 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Main hazards Corrosive – causes burns
Safety data sheet MSDS
Flash point 120 °C (248 °F; 393 K)
550 °C (1,022 °F; 823 K)
Related compounds
Benzene
Phenol
Chlorobenzene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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3-Chlorophenol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4ClOH. It is one of three isomers of monochlorophenol. It is a colorless or white solid that melts easily and exhibits significant solubility in water. Together with 3,5-dichlorophenol, it is prepared industrially by dechlorination of polychlorophenols. Alternatively, it arises via the cumene process, which starts with the alkylation of chlorobenzene with propylene.[6]

References

  1. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 690. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. "Only one name is retained, phenol, for C6H5-OH, both as a preferred name and for general nomenclature. The structure is substitutable at any position. Locants 2, 3, and 4 are recommended, not o, m, and p." 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Haynes, p. 3.116
  3. Haynes, p. 5.90
  4. Haynes, p. 3.577
  5. Haynes, pp. 5.10, 6.156
  6. François Muller; Liliane Caillard (2011). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_001.pub2. 

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