Biology:Torix (genus)
| Torix | |
|---|---|
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| T. cotylifer. The scale bar is equal to 1 millimetre (0.039 in) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia
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| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Subclass: | Hirudinea
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| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | Torix Blanchard, 1893
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| Type species | |
| Torix mirus Blanchard, 1893
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| Species | |
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disputed, see text
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| Synonyms | |
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Torix is a genus of Rhynchobdellid leeches in the family Glossiphoniidae, found in Eastern Asia and Japan.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Rana japonica, the Japanese brown frog, is the main host of T. tagoi.[8]
Rickettsia bacterial infection
Two members of the genus, T. tagoi and T. tukubana, show high percentages of Rickettsia infection in the wild; 96% and 83% respectively, according to a 2003 study.[8] Eggs of T. tagoi were found to all contain the bacteria, indicating the bacteria is almost always passed on to the next generation (vertical transmission).[8] It was found that infected leeches grew far larger than those uninfected with the bacteria.[8] Another paper concluded that the Rickettsia that acted as endosymbionts in the leeches represented a separate clade of Rickettsia, named the torix clade.[9][10] As T. tagoi feeds on the blood of amphibians such as frogs and newts, it is possible that those amphibians were the route of horizontal transmission.[9]
Species
The number of species the genus contains is disputed between taxonomic databases. Given below is a complete list; the text in superscript indicates which papers or taxonomic databases support the validity of that species.
- Torix baicalensis Shegolev, 1922 (Sasaki, 2015, Light & Siddall, 1999 Biolib)
- Torix cotylifer Blanchard, 1898 (Sasaki, 2015, Moore, 1930, Lukin & Ephstein, 1960, Biolib)
- Torix mirus Blanchard, 1893 (Sasaki, 2015, Kambayashi et al., 2020, Biolib, GBIF, WoRMS)
- Torix novaezealandiae (Dendy & Olliver, 1900) (Biolib, ADW)
- Torix orientalis (Oka, 1925) (Sasaki, 2015, Biolib)
- Torix tagoi (Oka, 1925) (Sasaki, 2015, Biolib)
- Torix tukubana (Oka, 1935) (Sasaki, 2015, Kambayashi et al., 2020, Biolib, GBIF, WoRMS, NCBI)
References
- ↑ "Genus Torix" (in en). https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1411469-Torix.
- ↑ "ADW: Torix: CLASSIFICATION". http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Torix/classification/.
- ↑ Zicha, Ondrej. "BioLib: Biological library". https://www.biolib.cz/en/adtaxon/id207351/.
- ↑ taxonomy. "Taxonomy browser (Torix)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=2291848&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock.
- ↑ "Torix Blanchard, 1893" (in en). https://www.gbif.org/species/2307961.
- ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Torix Blanchard, 1893". https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1545478.
- ↑ "NZOR Name Details - Torix". https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/162910cc-dc8d-4aca-9be6-979303e2e890.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Kikuchi; Fukatsu (30 June 2003). "Rickettsia Infection in Natural Leech Populations". Microbial Ecology 49 (2): 265–271. doi:10.1007/s00248-004-0140-5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7777112.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Kikuchi, Yoshitomo; Sameshima, Shinya; Kitade, Osamu; Kojima, Junichi; Fukatsu, Takema (Feb 2002). "Novel Clade of Rickettsia spp. from Leeches". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68 (2): 999–1004. doi:10.1128/AEM.68.2.999-1004.2002. ISSN 0099-2240. PMID 11823253.
- ↑ taxonomy. "Taxonomy browser (Rickettsia endosymbiont of Torix tukubana)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=235683.
Wikidata ☰ Q18519190 entry
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