Biology:Lumnitzera

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Short description: Genus of trees in the Combretaceae family growing from Africa to Asia to northern Australia

Lumnitzera
Lumnitzera racemosa (flowering) - Kung Krabaen, Chantaburi province, Thailand.JPG
Lumnitzera racemosa (flowering) - Kung Krabaen, Chantaburi province, Thailand
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Combretaceae
Genus: Lumnitzera
Willd. (1803)[1]
Lumnitzera range map.png
Range of Lumnitzera[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Bruguiera Thouars
  • Funckia Dennst.
  • Petaloma Roxb.
  • Pokornya Montrouz.
  • Problastes Reinw.
  • Pyrrhanthus Jack


Lumnitzera is an Indo-West Pacific mangrove genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove.[3] (However, "black mangrove" may also refer to the unrelated genus Avicennia.) Lumnitzera, named after the German botanist, Stephan Lumnitzer (1750-1806), occurs in mangroves from East Africa to the Western Pacific (including Fiji and Tonga), and northern Australia.[1]

Lumnitzera littorea, Tonga
Lumnitzera racemosa, Indonesia

The genus has two species of similar vegetative appearance but with differing flower colour. Lumnitzera littorea has red flowers whereas Lumnitzera racemosa has white flowers. Both species have flat and spoon-shaped (spathulate) leaves with emarginate tips. L. racemosa dominates in the western part of the range and L. littorea dominates in the east. Hybrids occur within the zone of overlap (Lumnitzera × rosea).[1]

Three genera of the tropical woody family Combretaceae, Laguncularia, Conocarpus, and Lumnitzera, are found in mangroves but Lumnitzera is the only one to occur in the Indo-West Pacific mangroves, including Australia.[1]

Lumnitzera racemosa var. racemosa (Tonga mangrove, Afrikaans: Tonga-wortelboom, Zulu: Isikhaha-esibomvu) is a protected tree in South Africa .[4]

List of species[2]

There have been a number of taxa that possessed the Lumnitzera genus that are now unplaced or assigned to other taxa:

  • Lumnitzera caesia Spreng., unplaced[5]
  • Lumnitzera capitata (Roth) Spreng., synonym of Platostoma hispidum (L.) A.J.Paton[6]
  • Lumnitzera carnosa Spreng., synonym of Ocimum carnosum (Spreng.) Link & Otto ex Benth.[7]
  • Lumnitzera coccinea Wight & Arn., synonym of Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt[8]
  • Lumnitzera densiflora (Roth) Spreng., synonym of Isodon rugosus (Wall. ex Benth.) Codd[9]
  • Lumnitzera fastigiata (Roth) Spreng., synonym of Salvia plebeia R.Br.[10]
  • Lumnitzera lutea C.Presl, synonym of Lumnitzera racemosa var. lutea (Gaudich.) Exell[11]
  • Lumnitzera montana F.Muell., synonym of Macropteranthes montana (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.[12]
  • Lumnitzera moschata (R.Br.) Spreng., synonym of Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench[13]
  • Lumnitzera pentandra Griff., synonym of Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt[14]
  • Lumnitzera polystachyon (L.) J.Jacq. ex Spreng., synonym of Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench[15]
  • Lumnitzera prostrata (L.) Spreng., synonym of Platostoma menthoides (L.) A.J.Paton[16]
  • Lumnitzera purpurea (Gaudich.) C. Presl, synonym of Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt[17]
  • Lumnitzera rubicunda (D.Don) Spreng., synonym of Orthosiphon rubicundus (D.Don) Benth.[18]
  • Lumnitzera salvioides (B.Heyne ex Roth) Spreng., synonym of Plectranthus salvioides (B.Heyne ex Roth) Benth.[19]
  • Lumnitzera tenuiflora (L.) Spreng., synonym of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.[20]
  • Lumnitzera virgata (D.Don) Spreng., synonym of Orthosiphon rubicundus var. rubicundus[21]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Lumnitzera". University of Queensland. http://www.mangrovewatch.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=38&Itemid=300170. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Lumnitzera Willd.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7176-1. 
  3. ↑ "Lumnitzera". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LUMNI. Retrieved 23 June 2015. 
  4. ↑ "Protected Trees". Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013. http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf. 
  5. ↑ "Lumnitzera caesia Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449610-1. 
  6. ↑ "Lumnitzera capitata (Roth) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449611-1. 
  7. ↑ "Lumnitzera carnosa Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449612-1. 
  8. ↑ "Lumnitzera coccinea Wight & Arn.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170674-1. 
  9. ↑ "Lumnitzera densiflora (Roth) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449613-1. 
  10. ↑ "Lumnitzera fastigiata (Roth) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449614-1. 
  11. ↑ "Lumnitzera lutea C.Presl". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170676-1. 
  12. ↑ "Lumnitzera montana F.Muell.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170677-1. 
  13. ↑ "Lumnitzera moschata (R.Br.) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449615-1. 
  14. ↑ "Lumnitzera pentandra Griff.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170679-1. 
  15. ↑ "Lumnitzera polystachyon (L.) J.Jacq. ex Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449617-1. 
  16. ↑ "Lumnitzera prostrata (L.) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449618-1. 
  17. ↑ "Lumnitzera purpurea C.Presl". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170680-1. 
  18. ↑ "Lumnitzera rubicunda (D.Don) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449619-1. 
  19. ↑ "Lumnitzera salvioides (B.Heyne ex Roth) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449620-1. 
  20. ↑ "Lumnitzera tenuiflora (L.) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449621-1. 
  21. ↑ "Lumnitzera virgata (D.Don) Spreng.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449622-1. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q2520573 entry



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