Biology:Grewioideae

From HandWiki
Short description: Subfamily of flowering plants

Grewioideae
Starr 980529-4195 Grewia occidentalis.jpg
Crossberry, Grewia occidentalis
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Subfamily: Grewioideae
Hochr.
Genera

See text

Grewioideae is a subfamily of the family Malvaceae and was first described by Hochreutiner.[1] The group is named after its type genus, Grewia,[2] which is named for the English scientist Nehemiah Grew (1641–1712). It contains a number of genera that were previously placed in the defunct family Tiliaceae.

Description

Within the Malvaceae, this subfamily has its inflorescences opposite the leaves, the corollas are usually clawed, and there is a nectar-bearing hair carpet at the base of the petals[1] and there are numerous dithecal stamens.[3] The fruit is fleshy or capsular with spines, and the seeds are winged.[1] The group is thought to have originated about 42 (± 15) million years ago.[1][4]

Taxonomy

Ulrike Brunken & Alexandra Muellner divide the Grewioideae into two clades, the Grewia clade, Grewieae Endl. and the Apeiba clade, Apeibeae Benth., on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence.[3]

Tribes and genera

The subfamily includes the following genera - accepted by Bayer & Kubitzki (2003)[5]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]." http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/
  2. "USDA: GRIN Taxonomy for Plants: Grewioideae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1751. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 Brunken, Ulrike; Muellner, Alexandra N. (2012). "A New Tribal Classification of Grewioideae (Malvaceae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence". Systematic Botany 37 (3): 699–711. doi:10.1600/036364412X648670. ISSN 0363-6445. 
  4. Richardson, J.E.; Whitlock, B.A.; Meerow, A.W.; Madriñán, S. (2015). "The age of chocolate: a diversification history of Theobroma and Malvaceae". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 3. doi:10.3389/fevo.2015.00120. ISSN 2296-701X. 
  5. Bayer, C. and K. Kubitzki. 2003. Malvaceae. Pp. 225–311 in The families and genera of vascular plants vol. 5, eds. K. Kubitzki and C. Bayer. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag.

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q7181934 entry