Biology:Elcanidae

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Short description: Extinct family of cricket-like animals

Elcanidae
Temporal range: Norian–Paleocene
Elcanidae Burmese amber NMNS.jpg
Elcanidae Burmese amber NMNS (cropped).jpg
Unidentified female elcanid included in Burmese amber, showing metatibial spurs
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Superfamily: †Elcanoidea
Family: †Elcanidae
Handlirsch, 1906
Type genus
Elcana
Giebel, 1856 [synonym of Panorpidium]
Subfamilies and genera

See text

Elcanidae are an extinct family of Mesozoic and early Cenozoic orthopterans. Members of the family are distinguished by the presence of spurs on the distal part of the metatibia, unique among orthopterans, these have been suggested to have been used for controlling gliding,[1] swimming aids,[2] or for jumping on water.[3] The group combines characteristics from both major groups of orthopterans, with long antennae and nymphal morphology similar to Ensifera, but with wing venation and adult morphology more similar to Caelifera.[4] Elcanidae is part of Elcanoidea, which is thought to have diverged from living orthopterans by the beginning of the Permian, around 300 million years ago.[5] The family also includes Permelcanidae, known from the Early-Late Permian. The relationship of Elcanoidea to Ensifera and Caelifera is currently unresolved.[4] Elcanids are known from the Late Triassic to Paleocene of Eurasia, North and South America. Some members of the group exhibited aposematic coloration.[6]

thumb|right|upright|Sinoelcana minuta
Jurassic, China thumb|right|upright|Elcanonympha diana nymph thumb|right|upright|Wings of Parelcana pulchmacula''

Taxonomy

  • subfamily Archelcaninae Gorochov, 2011[7]
    • Archelcana Sharov, 1968[8]
      • Archelcana durnovaria Whalley, 1985[9] – Charmouth Mudstone Formation, England, Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
      • Archelcana ornata Zherikhin, 1985[10] – Cheremkhovskaya Formation, Russia, Early Jurassic (Toarcian)
      • Archelcana shurabica Sharov, 1968 – Sagul Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Toarcian
      • Indeterminate remains attributed to the genus are also known from the latest Triassic of Germany[11]
    • Jeholelcana Fang et al. 2018b[12]
    • Parelcana Handlirsch, 1906[13]
      • Parelcana anglicana Handlirsch, 1939[14] – Blue Lias, United Kingdom, Early Jurassic (Hettangian)
      • Parelcana dubia Handlirsch, 1939 – United Kingdom, Late Triassic (Rhaetian)
      • Parelcana pulchmacula Tian et al., 2019[15] – Daohugou, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
      • Parelcana tenuis Handlirsch, 1906 – Green Series, Germany, Toarcian
    • Sibelcana Gorochov, 1990[16]
      • Sibelcana rossica Gorochov, 1990 – Glushkovo Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
      • Sibelcana transbaicalica Gorochov, 1990 – Ukurei Formation, Russia, Tithonian
    • Synelcana Zessin, 1988[17]
      • Synelcana muelleri Zessin, 1988 – Green Series, Germany, Toarcian
  • subfamily Elcaninae Handlirsch, 1906
    • Cratoelcana Martins-Neto, 1991[18] – Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
      • Cratoelcana damianii Martins-Neto, 1991
      • Cratoelcana zessini Martins-Neto, 1991
    • Ellca Kočárek, 2020[1]
    • Eubaisselcana Gorochov, 1986[19] – Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
      • Eubaisselcana mongolica Gorochov, 1986
      • Eubaisselcana sharovi Gorochov, 1986
    • Minelcana Gorochov et al., 2006[20]
      • Minelcana dubia (Giebel 1856)[21] – Lulworth Formation, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
      • Minelcana membranacea Gorochov et al., 2006 – Durlston Formation, United Kingdom, Berriasian
    • Panorpidium Westwood, 1854[22]
      • Panorpidium bimaculatum Gorochov et al., 2006[20] – Weald Clay, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
      • Panorpidium maculosum Zhou et al. 2022[23] Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
      • Panorpidium proximum Gorochov et al., 2006 – Durlston Formation, United Kingdom, Berriasian
      • Panorpidium parvum Gorochov et al., 2006 – Weald Clay, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)
      • Panorpidium sibirica Sharov, 1968[8] – Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
      • Panorpidium spica Kim et al., 2021[3] – Jinju Formation, South Korea, Early Cretaceous (Albian)
      • Panorpidium tessellatum Westwood, 1854 – Durlston Formation, United Kingdom, Berriasian
      • Panorpidium yixianensis Fang et al., 2015[24] – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
    • Probaisselcana Gorochov, 1989[25]
      • Probaisselcana cretacea Gorochov et al., 2006[20] – Weald Clay, United Kingdom, Hauterivian
      • Probaisselcana euryptera Tian et al., 2019[2] – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
      • Probaisselcana karatavica Sharov, 1968[8] – Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)
      • Probaisselcana oculata Hu & He, 2023[26] - Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • Incertae sedis
    • Burmelcana Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010[27]
      • Burmelcana longirostris Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Cascadelcana Fang et al., 2018a[4]
      • Cascadelcana virginiana Fang et al., 2018a – Cow Branch Formation, North Carolina, Late Triassic (Norian)
    • Cenoelcanus Schubnel et al., 2020[28]
    • Elcanonympha Heads et al., 2018[29]
      • Elcanonympha diana Heads et al., 2018 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Hispanelcana Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010 – Álava amber, Escucha Formation, Spain, Albian
      • Hispanelcana alavensis Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010
      • Hispanelcana arilloi Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010
      • Hispanelcana lopezvallei Peñalver & Grimaldi, 2010
    • Longioculus Poinar et al., 2007[30]
      • Longioculus burmensis Poinar et al., 2007 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Hukawnelca Uchida, 2021[31]
      • Hukawnelca gracile Uchida, 2021 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Caelielca Uchida, 2021[31]
      • Caelielca spinocrus Uchida, 2021 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Monitelcana Xu et al., 2022[6]
      • Monitelcana penalveri Xu et al., 2022 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "A diminutive elcanid from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, Ellca nevelka gen. et sp. nov., and the function of metatibial spurs in Elcanidae (Orthoptera)". Cretaceous Research 116: 104574. December 2020. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104574. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "A new species of Elcaninae (Orthoptera, Elcanidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Liutiaogou, Inner Mongolia, NE China, and its morphological implications". Cretaceous Research 99: 275–280. July 2019. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.03.010. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kim, Do-Yoon; Lee, Mirinae; Nam, Gi-Soo; Park, Tae-Yoon S. (April 2021). "The first orthopteran fossils from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Jinju Formation of Korea: ethological implications for elcanids" (in en). Cretaceous Research 125: 104843. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104843. ISSN 0195-6671. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195667121000902. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "The earliest Elcanidae (Insecta, Orthoptera) from the Upper Triassic of North America". Journal of Paleontology 92 (6): 1028–1034. 2018-05-25. doi:10.1017/jpa.2018.20. ISSN 0022-3360. 
  5. ↑ Poschmann, Markus J.; Nel, André; Raisch, Manfred (2023-05-31). "A new archaeorthopteran insect from the Early Permian of the Saar-Nahe Basin, SW Germany, and the earliest record of Elcanoidea (Orthoptera)" (in en). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 308 (2): 181–187. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2023/1136. ISSN 0077-7749. http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/308/102931/A_new_archaeorthopteran_insect_from_the_Early_Perm?af=crossref. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Xu, Chunpeng; Luo, Cihang; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Fang, Yan; Wang, Bo (2022-03-28). "Aposematic coloration from Mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 377 (1847): 20210039. doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0039. PMID 35124999. 
  7. ↑ "New family-group taxa in the infraclass Polyneoptera (Insecta): making the names, proposed early, available.". Zoosystematica Rossica 20: 159–160. 2011. doi:10.31610/zsr/2011.20.1.159. https://www.zin.ru/journals/zsr/content/2011/zr_2011_20_1_Gorochov.pdf. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Filogeniya ortopteroidnykh nasekomykh" (in ru). Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 118: 1–216. 1968. 
  9. ↑ "The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England.". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 39 (3): 107–189. 1985. 
  10. ↑ "Yurskie pryamokrylye yuzhnoy Sibiri i zapadnoy Mongolii (Gryllida=Orthoptera)." (in ru). Yurskie Nasekomye Sibiri I Mongolii: 171–184. 1985. 
  11. ↑ "First record of the genus Ipsvicia (Hemiptera: Ipsviciidae) outside Gondwana - an Australian genus from the Upper Triassic of Germany". Polish Journal of Entomology / Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 80 (4): 645–657. December 2011. doi:10.2478/v10200-011-0050-z. ISSN 0032-3780. 
  12. ↑ "The first Archelcaninae (Orthoptera, Elcanidae) from the Cretaceous Jehol Biota of Liaoning, China" (in en). Cretaceous Research 86: 129–134. August 2018. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.02.008. 
  13. ↑ "Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, parts I-IV." (in de). Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen. 1906. pp. 1–640. 
  14. ↑ "Neue Untersuchungen über die fossilen Insekten mit Ergänzungen und Nachträgen sowie Ausblicken auf phylogenetische, palaeogeographische und allgemein biologische Probleme. II Teil." (in de). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 49: 1–240. 1939. 
  15. ↑ "The first Elcanidae (Orthoptera, Elcanoidea) from the Daohugou fossil bed of northeastern China". ZooKeys (897): 19–28. 2019-12-09. doi:10.3897/zookeys.897.37608. PMID 31857785. 
  16. ↑ "Orthopterans, Gryllida, in Pozdne-Mezozoyskie Nasekomye Vostochnogo Zabaykal'ya." (in ru). Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 239: 210–214. 1990. 
  17. ↑ "Neue Saltatoria (Insecta) aus dem Oberlias Mitteleuropas" (in German). Freiberger Forschungshefte C 419: 107–121. 1988. 
  18. ↑ "Sistemática dos Ensifera (Insecta, Orthopteroida) da formação Santana, Cretáceo Inferior do Nordeste do Brasil." (in pt). Acta Geologica Leopoldensia 14 (32): 5–160. 1991. doi:10.11606/D.44.1990.tde-26082015-144345. 
  19. ↑ "Grasshoppers. Gryllida (=Orthoptera), in Nasekomye v rannemelovykh ekosistemakh zapadnoy Mongolii.". The Joint Soviet-Mongolian Palaeontological Expedition 28: 171–174. 1986. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 "Grasshoppers and crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of southern England" (in en). Cretaceous Research 27 (5): 641–662. 2006-10-01. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2006.03.007. ISSN 0195-6671. 
  21. ↑ "Die Insecten und Spinnen der Vorwelt mit steter Berücksichtigung der lebenden Insekten und Spinnen.". Die Fauna der Vorwelt 2: 1–511. 1856. 
  22. ↑ "Contributions to fossil entomology.". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 10 (1–2): 378–396. 1854. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1854.010.01-02.43. https://zenodo.org/record/25050. 
  23. ↑ Zhou, Qian; Xu, Chunpeng; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Xiao, Chuantao (2022-08-01). "A new species of Elcanidae (Insecta: Orthoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber" (in en). Cretaceous Research 136: 105226. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105226. ISSN 0195-6671. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667122000908. 
  24. ↑ "New Cretaceous Elcanidae from China and Myanmar (Insecta, Orthoptera)" (in en). Cretaceous Research 52: 323–328. January 2015. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.05.004. 
  25. ↑ "Novye taksony prjamokrylyx semejstv Bintoniellidae, Xenopteridae, Permelcanidae, Elcanidae, i Vitimiidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera) iz mezozoja azii" (in ru). Vestnik Zoologii 1989 (4): 20–27. 1989. 
  26. ↑ Hu, T.-H.; He, Z.-Q. (2023). "A new species of genus Probaisselcana (Orthoptera: Elcanidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber" (in en). Cretaceous Research: 105671. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105671. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195667123001994. 
  27. ↑ "Latest occurrences of the Mesozoic family Elcanidae (Insecta: Orthoptera), in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar and Spain". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. N.S. 46 (1–2): 88–99. 2010-01-01. doi:10.1080/00379271.2010.10697641. ISSN 0037-9271. 
  28. ↑ Schubnel, Thomas; Desutter, Laure; Garrouste, Romain; hervé, sophie; Nel, André (2020). "Paleocene of Menat Formation, France, reveals an extraordinary diversity of orthopterans and the last known survivor of a Mesozoic Elcanidae". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65. doi:10.4202/app.00676.2019. ISSN 0567-7920. 
  29. ↑ "A new genus and species of Elcanidae (Insecta: Orthoptera) from Cretaceous Burmese amber". Zootaxa 4527 (4): 575–580. December 2018. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4527.4.8. PMID 30651491. 
  30. ↑ "Longioculus burmensis, n. gen., n. sp. (Orthoptera: Elcanidae) in Burmese amber.". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 109: 649–655. 2007. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Uchida, Kei (2021-11-17). "Two new genera of the Elcanidae (order: Orthoptera) from middle Cretaceous Burmese amber of northern Myanmar" (in en). Cretaceous Research 131: 105092. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105092. ISSN 0195-6671. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667121003402. 

Wikidata ☰ Q21222968 entry



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