Biology:Carrhotus xanthogramma
| Carrhotus xanthogramma | |
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| Carrhotus xanthogramma, male | |
.JPG)
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| Female | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Carrhotus |
| Species: | C. xanthogramma
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| Binomial name | |
| Carrhotus xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819)
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| Synonyms | |
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List
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Carrhotus xanthogramma is a species of jumping spider belonging to the family Salticidae.
Distribution
Its distribution is palearctic, including a portion of Europe (Portugal, Spain , France , Great Britain, Ireland, Germany , Poland , Hungary, Austria, Switzerland , Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, North Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece), in Turkey, Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Russia , China , Mongolia, South Korea and Japan .[1][2]
Habitat
These thermophilic spiders prefer sunny, warm environments. They can mainly be encountered on bushes, on tree trunks and shrubbery.[3]
Description
The adult males of these jumping spiders reach approximately 5.1–7.1 millimetres (0.20–0.28 in) of length, while females can reach a body length of about 7.1–9.0 millimetres (0.28–0.35 in).[3] These spiders are covered with dense hair. The sexual dimorphism of this species is pronounced.
The males are smaller than females. They have a black bright cephalothorax (prosoma) and a hairy, flattened and tapered, reddish-orange abdomen (opisthosoma). The separation between cephalothorax (prosoma) and abdomen (opisthosoma) is well marked. Their black legs may have slightly orange rings. Palps are black haired. [4]
The female's body, according to the mimicry strategy, is mostly brownish, with dark brown markings. There is a yellowish area on a blackish front head, that includes an arcuate bandage extending from one side-eye to the other, encircling the entire back of the fore-body.
The abdomen is oval and slightly tapered. It is predominantly yellowish, with narrow, dark brownish longitudinal V-shaped stripes and spots. Legs are light-dark annulated. Palps are light brown with long white hairs. [4] They have eight eyes with very large anterior median eyes. [5]
Biology
Adults can be found in spring and summer, from April to July. [4] They actively pursue their prey, jumping on them. Their eyesight is excellent and very useful in their way of hunting.
Gallery
Female, front view
Female. Side view
Female preys a Tipulidae species
Male and female (video, 3 min 41 s)
-001.JPG)
Bibliography
- Forster, L.M. (1982) - Vision and prey-catching strategies in jumping spiders - American Scientist 70: 165-175.
- Fang WY, Wang ZL, Li C, Yang XQ, Yu XP - The complete mitogenome of a jumping spider Carrhotus xanthogramma (Araneae: Salticidae) and comparative analysis in four salticid mitogenomes. doi:10.1007/s10709-016-9936-8 PMID 27822711
- Heiko Bellmann: Der Kosmos Spinnenführer. Über 400 Arten Europas (= Kosmos Naturführer). Kosmos, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN:978-3-440-10114-8, S. 294.
- Latreille, P. A. Articles sur les araignées. N. Dict. hist. nat. Paris. Ed. II, Paris, 22.
- Maekawa, T. & Ikeda, H. (1992). Sexual behavior of a gynandromorphic spider of Carrhotus xanthogramma (Araneae: Salticidae). Acta Arachnologica 41: 103-108
References
- ↑ "Carrhotus xanthogramma". http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/28501. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
- ↑ Fauna europaea
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Spiders of Europe - Araneae
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Arachnophoto
- ↑ Jerzy Proszynski Salticidae: Diagnostic Drawings Library
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q142998 entry
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