Biology:Apium × longipedunculatum

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Apium × longipedunculatum
Helosciadium x longipedunculatum.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Apium
Species:
A. × longipedunculatum
Binomial name
Apium × longipedunculatum
(F.W.Schultz) Rothm.[1]
Synonyms
  • Helosciadium nodiflorum var. longipedunculatum F.W.Schultz[1]
  • Helosciadium × longipedunculatum (F.W.Schultz) Rothm.

Apium × longipedunculatum, synonym Helosciadium × longipedunculatum, is a hybrid plant in the umbellifer family (Apiaceae); the result of hybridisation between Apium repens (creeping marshwort) and Apium nodiflorum (fool's water cress).[2]

Discovery

The hybrid was first discovered by George Lawson in July 1845 at Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland, and two voucher specimens were deposited in the herbarium of William Gardiner, Dundee. Following Gardiner's death in 1852 the specimens were transferred as part of a bequest to the British Museum, and shortly afterward (ca. 1854) loaned to German botanist Friedrich W. Schultz, who described them as a new variety of Helosciadium nodiflorum, var. longipedunculatum.[3] The variety was later (1906) described in further detail by Harry J. Riddelsdell and Edumund G. Baker, who examined a number of specimens from the original Gullane locality, as well as additional specimens from Duddingston Loch, Edinburgh, Scotland.[4] While Riddelsdell did not consider var. longipedunuclatum to be of hybrid origin,[5] during the course of the 20th century a number of eminent botanists (e.g. Werner Rothmaler,[6] Clive Stace[7]) suggested that it was the hybrid between A. repens and A. nodiflorum.

In 2014, plants matching A. nodiflorum var. longipedunculatum were collected at Port Meadow, Oxfordshire, England and a molecular analysis confirmed it as the hybrid A. repens × A. nodiflorum.[2]

The original specimens are still housed in the Natural History Museum, London, under voucher number BM001144095, and the one situated to the left has been designated as the lectotype.[2]

Syntypes of Apium × longipedunculatum collected by G.L. ("George Lawson") from Gullane (“Guillon”) Links, Scotland in July 1845 (BM001144095). Specimen to left is the lectotype.

Description

Creeping perennial herb with slender stems and rooting at lower nodes. Leaves simply pinnate with 4 to 7 pairs of leaflets, which are ovate to broadly ovate, coarsely serrate and occasionally lobed. Flowering umbels are borne on peduncles, which are equal to or longer than the rays of the umbel, and subtended at the base by an involucre of 1 to 3 bracts. Ripe fruits broader than long.[4]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Apium × longipedunculatum (F.W.Schultz) Rothm.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77207351-1. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Desjardins, Stuart D.; Shaw, Andrew G.; Webb, Judith A. (2020-02-26). "Hybridisation and introgression in British Helosciadium (Apiaceae)." (in en). British & Irish Botany 2 (1): 27–42. doi:10.33928/bib.2020.02.027. ISSN 2632-4970. https://britishandirishbotany.org/index.php/bib/article/view/40. 
  3. Schultz, F.W. (1854). "Helosciadium nodiflorum Koch.". Bonplandia 2: 237–238. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27148#page/251/mode/1up. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 Riddelsdell, H.J.; Baker, E.G. (1906). "British forms of Helosciadium nodiflorum Koch.". Journal of Botany 44: 185–190. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109455#page/218/mode/1up. 
  5. Riddelsdell, H.J. (1914). "The British forms of Helosciadium". Irish Naturalist 23: 95–101. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ia/irishnaturalist2319roya/#page/125/mode/1up. 
  6. Rothmaler, W. (1963). Excursionsflora von Deutschland IV (1st ed.). Berlin: Volk und Wissen Volkseigener.. 
  7. Stace, C.A. (1997). New Flora of the British Isles (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

Wikidata ☰ Q104880058 entry